Читать книгу Imperial Illusions - Kristina Kleutghen - Страница 84

2.5Diagram demonstrating the method for depicting rectilinear forms. From Nian Xiyao, The Study of Vision. The Bodleian Libraries, University of Oxford, Douce Chin. B. 2, p. 27v.

a three-dimensional projection of a receding space on a two-dimensional surface. The vanishing point of all four examples in this illustration is marked with the character jia (which corresponds to A as the first in a series), and this point is also presented as the eye level of the reader looking at the illustration and the viewer looking at the room. Using diagram number 9 (the simple tiled floor at the top right) as the basis, Nian defines these illustrations as the “method of creating things on a ground plane” (diping shang qi wujian fa) and explains how to construct this space according to distance-point perspective. He then leaves the remaining three diagrams for the reader to extrapolate, merely noting that the measurements for all four diagrams are the same. The vanishing and distance points in the illustration at the bottom right (marked as figure 10 in Chinese) are both accompanied by a semicircular array of lines, which are not light rays but a suggestion of the orthogonals that converge on these points. Although this figure and those marked as 11 and 12 (the two on the left side of the image) all have their vanishing points and distance points labeled as the Chinese equivalents of A and B, these are the only concessions to