Читать книгу Child Development From Infancy to Adolescence - Laura E. Levine - Страница 118

Like Piaget’s theory, Vygotsky’s ideas have had a powerful influence in the field of education. One specific educational practice that developed out of Vygotsky’s ideas is known as dynamic assessment. In this approach, instead of testing what a child knows or can do at one particular time, the instructor uses an interactive assessment process to identify the child’s zone of proximal development and provides the help the child needs to progress to a higher level of achievement. The teacher asks a question to assess the child’s understanding of a concept. When a child answers the question incorrectly, the instructor starts with the most indirect help, such as a hint that the child think about whether he or she has seen a problem like this before. If this help is not enough, the adult will increase the level of direction, potentially ending by explaining the correct answer. Some children will only need the small hint, while others need a more direct approach (Poehner, 2007). You will read about dynamic assessment as an alternative to standardized testing in Chapter 12.

Dynamic assessment: A testing procedure that uses a test-intervene-test procedure to assess the examinee’s potential to learn.