Читать книгу New research on the kitchen table. Try this again - Лим Ворд, Рем Ворд - Страница 11

One of the oldest, but also interesting experiments is the search for orderliness in various physical bodies or processes. According to the principle of Pauli, all matters are internally divided. For example, one atom can not have more than one electron in its composition with certain characteristics. One atom? And the molecule? A biological molecule, with an atomic weight of billions of units? Dust, already discernible to the naked eye? An object that you can weigh in your hand? This science is silent about this. In essence, intuitively representable, any body (first of all, symmetric to itself) is divided into itself into two, and more parts, so that each of these parts has its own, a particular set of energy levels.

1. One of the experiments is the transmission of an electric current through a nichrome or nickel wire. The initial assumption is that such an elongated object as a wire should spontaneously be internally divided into segments with a certain set of energy levels, and possess a pronounced periodic structure. Identify such properties can for example, by observing changes in resistance to electric current.

The course of experience. The nickel wire (from the hot plate) is straightened on the 1 meter section. To reduce the heat release to the level required in the experiment, it is possible to use lat – or simply add one more nickel coil in series. Straightened wire is stretched between two tripods.

The thermosensitive paper from the fax bends in half and is laid on the wire.

The voltage is about 140 V, the current strength is 1 – 1.5A.

After the power is turned on, the wire heats up. Thermal paper detects that the heat is uneven. Areas of stronger heat release, 4—6 cm long, alternate with approximately the same, relatively cold zones.

The current can be constant, variable or pulsating – the effect of this is not on the location of the heating zones.

2. We change the nichrome wire to the trough with acidified, for better electrical conductivity, wet sand. Will ordering appear in this environment that does not have an internal structure?

The length of the gutter is 1.2 m, the width is 4 cm, the layer of sand is 2 cm. Voltage 220 V, AC or DC.

In this case, quite obvious (the sand dries), the increased heating occurs exactly in the middle of the tank. We can say that this physical body divides this boundary into two parts.

3. Cut out a strip of galvanized sheet metal, 1 cm wide, 40 cm long. We carefully remove the oil film from its surface, all the impurities. We dispose in a burette with a solution of hydrochloric acid.

Option – wrap the strip moistened in acid with a cloth.

According to our assumptions, the process of interaction of metal (zinc) with acid should occur faster in certain places of the strip. We can not imagine all the subtleties of the process, the interaction of the energy levels of a metal and an acid, etc. A qualitative result, the periodicity, is important, at least.

…Usually, the strips are divided into three parts, two zones with increased oxidation of zinc. In some cases – in two, one central zone. A certain instability of experiments leads to confusion.

Experiments were also carried out with a galvanized strip in a transparent plastic tube, through which acid was pumped. The assumption that, precisely, the directed flow of the active liquid will form, or exhibit some special zones of corrosion on the plate, was not justified.

The variant of experiments with acid and zinc is a strip of dense tissue, 4 cm by 80 cm, impregnated in a solution of hyposulfite, and evenly spread over the gutter. In approximately 70% of cases, the strip is divided in exactly two. In one of these parts the crystals manifest themselves in full. In the other half, there are no crystals of hyposulfite at all, or they have completely different shapes and sizes.

1. A nickel or nichrome spiral, when a current of 1—1.5 A passes through it, at a voltage of 140 V, reveals local heating zones. Presumably, these are areas of internal separation, inherent in any (as it is isolated from the environment) physical body. 2. Gutter with a conductive mass of wet sand. The capacity is divided in two by the central zone of increased heating. 3. The galvanized plate in a solution of hydrochloric acid is divided into segments. The presence in the acid stream (as an option) shows the zones of increased oxidation faster, but does not change the overall picture.

2. A strip of cloth, sown with crystals is divided in two. In one of the halves, the growth of the crystals is inhibited

…For the sake of fairness, it should be pointed out that experiments similar to the author’s experiments, with a nickel wire from an electric hot plate, and paper from a fax, were conducted by other people.

Discussions continue around the observations of VV Yavorsky, an academician of the Academy of Missile and Artillery Sciences, who revealed anomalous heat release of projectiles that fell into the target (with calorimeter). Academicians of the Russian Academy of Sciences, of course, explain the “Energy from Nowhere” incompetence of experimenters, the combustion of dispersed metal particles and other factors. However, there are also scientists who decided to test all this experimentally (and not just a compilation of texts on the Internet and physics textbooks, to the measured buzz of an air conditioner in the office). And, if possible, they want to receive such a remarkable increase in energy in some kind of peaceful conditions.

…“The metal explodes!”

Extract from the article of Dr.Sci. Tech. M.Marakhtanov, professor MSTU. NE Bauman and A. Marakhtanov, graduate student of the University of California, Berkeley (USA).

…“When an electric current of low density flows through the wire, its value remains the same over the entire length of the wire and it heats evenly. But when the current density reaches a very large value, the flow of electrons due to quantum processes in the crystal lattice turns into a wave packet. The current strength in different places of the wire becomes different, and the metal grouped into the wave by electrons is heated unevenly. The diagram shows that the “cold” areas with a temperature of 350—420°C and incandescent to 1050—1250°C are adjacent to the wire.

This unique frame of the video demonstrates a macroscopic manifestation of quantum processes – the occurrence of periodic temperature fluctuations of metal along a steel wire 0.3 mm in diameter during the flow of an electric current of 48.6 A across it. The wire is immersed in water, the length of its visible section is 25 mm. The wave deformation of the surface of the lacquer layer clearly demonstrates the redistribution of the concentration of free electrons in thin metallic films.”

…So, we can object to the distinguished professor: metal conductors exhibit unevenness when heated by an electric current, starting from just 1 ampere. Thus, the temperature of the wire in the hottest zones does not exceed 120 C. Thus, the “current density of a very large value” is hardly responsible for the formation of a certain “wave packet”, by means of certain “quantum processes in the crystal lattice” not indicated by the author. Do you know the parable about the man who explained everything around with the single word “Electricity” – and was considered to be a deep erudite around? It seems that in our time scientists tend to explain the majority of incomprehensible phenomena with the expressions “wave pack”, “quantum process” – without explaining, with figures, formulas, visual representations and additional experiments, what they really want to convey to us.

Our assumption – yes, according to (quite proven, and clearly presented) the principle of V. Pauli, all physical bodies are necessarily separated in themselves. So terrestrial land is divided into countries, states – to regions, administrative districts, municipalities, house management and individual dwellings. In each of these segments – its own specificity, somewhat different organization of interaction with the environment. And, at the same time, under normal conditions, segments … or, organs, cells of a physical body (let us imagine a long-standing analogy) are practically not distinguished.