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A NOTE ON THE TRANSLATIONS

All English translations of the Nahuatl and Maya texts are my own. Parts of my translation in chapter 1 have appeared in my articles with The Americas and Ethnohistory and are used here with permission.¹ This is the first time the English translation of the sermon has appeared in its entirety as presented in the original manuscript. Regarding the Maya stories in chapter 2, Gretchen Whalen, who first examined the Morley Manuscript from which the stories derive, posted her English translation of the entire manuscript (including the Maya stories) to the website of the Foundation for the Advancement of Mesoamerican Studies (FAMSI).² Here, I have provided my own translations of the stories and juxtapose them with their medieval archetypes to better expose their transition into a colonial Maya world. The translations found in chapters 3, 4, and 5 have never seen publication anywhere.

I have made every effort to make the English translations readable. Thus, oftentimes I favor a figurative rather than a literal translation of the texts. Nahuatl and Maya texts generally omit punctuation, spacing, and paragraphing according to modern conventions, so I have included them. In instances of possible confusion, I use parentheses to convey intended meanings and brackets for omitted words. Occasionally, the native-language texts contain headings or brief sentences in Spanish; these appear translated in italics. Latin also appears at times in these texts, and I similarly translate such passages in italics but indicate their Latin origins in the notes.

1. Translations for the first half of the sermon that concern the conversion of Paul appear in Christensen, “Tales of Two Cultures”; translations for the second half of the sermon regarding the ministry of Sebastian appear in Christensen “Nahuatl in Evangelization.”

2. Whalen, “Annotated Translation.”