Читать книгу The Mushroom, Edible and Otherwise - Miron Elisha Hard - Страница 11

Under this group will be placed all fungi composed of membranes, fleshy, woody, or gelatinous, whether growing on the ground or on wood. The hymenium, or spore-bearing surface, is external at an early stage in the life of the plant. The spores are borne on basidia as explained in Figure 2, page 6. When the spores ripen they fall to the ground or are carried by the wind to a host that presents all the conditions necessary for germination; there they produce the mycelia or white thread-like vines that one may have noticed in plowing sod, in old chip piles, or decayed wood. If one will examine these threads there will be found small knots which will in time develop into the full grown mushroom. Hymenomycetes are divided into six families:

1 Agaricaceæ. Hymenium with gills.

2 Polyporaceæ. Hymenium with pores.

3 Hydnaceæ. Hymenium with spines.

4 Thelephoraceæ. Hymenium horizontal and mostly on the under surface.

5 Clavariaceæ. Hymenium on a smooth club-shaped surface.

6 Tremellaceæ. Hymenium even and superior. Gelatinous fungi.