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Thought proper, as distinguished from other facts of consciousness, may be adequately described as the act of knowing or judging of things by means of concepts.

Mansel.

We cannot learn all words through other words. There is a large and rapidly increasing part of all modern vocabularies which can be comprehended only by the observation of nature, scientific experiment,—in short, by the study of things.

Marsh.

The question we ask of each thing (and of the whole experience) is, What are you? You have qualities which I find everywhere else; your color I find in other things; your texture and hardness and odor and form I find in other things; but they are combined in you in such a way as to make you a thing by yourself, and not anything else. And I want to know what you truly are,—in short, what is your essence, which is also your idea, and the purpose or τέλος of your existence.

Laurie.