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1.Theodor Herzl, The Jewish State (1896; repr., Minneapolis: Filiquarian Publishing, 2006), 98.

2.Ibid., 101.

3.Ibid.

4.Ibid., 101-102.

5.Ibid., 102.

6.Ibid., 104.

7.Ibid., 105.

8.Ibid., 108.

9.Ibid., 109.

10.Uri Zilbersheid, “The Utopia of Theodor Herzl,” Israel Studies 9, no. 3 (2004): 80-114.

11.The main sources on Warburg are: Otto Warburg, Sefer Warburg (Jerusalem: Masada, 1948), and the Otto Warburg Minerva Center for Agricultural Biotechnology at the Hebrew University in Jerusalem.

12.Warburg, Sefer Warburg, 17-20.

13.Ibid., 21-25.

14.Ibid., 63-67.

15.Arthur Ruppin, Die Juden der gegenwart. Eine sozialwissenschaftliche studie (Berlin: S. Calvary, 1904).

16.Arthur Ruppin and Alex Bein’, Arthur Ruppin: Memoirs, Diaries, Letters (London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1971), 75.

17.Ibid., 76.

18.Ibid., 80.

19.Ibid., 86-87.

20.Ibid., 159-61. Syria is a geographical term that at that time covered most parts of the Near East or, in a later phrase, the Middle East.

21.Ibid., 82.

22.Ibid.

23.The theory of Zionist Maximalism advocated Jewish settlements in territories beyond the historical boundaries of the Land of Israel.

24.Davis Trietsch, Juedische Emigration und Kolonisation (Berlin: Orient-verlag, 1917), 130.

25.Ruppin and Bein’, Arthur Ruppin, 148.

26.Ibid., 178.

27.Ibid., 179.

28.Derek Jonathan Penslar, Zionism and Technocracy: The Engineering of Jewish Settlement in Palestine, 1870-1918 (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1991), 6.

29.Ibid.

30.Ibid., 61.

31.Ibid., 80.

32.Ibid., 150.

33.Ibid., 51.