Читать книгу The Urban Planning Imagination - Nicholas A. Phelps - Страница 38

1  1 Indeed, the problem for our discussion of urban planning in the present age is that it must take place in a context in which at least one prominent historian believes that no well-established and valuable general propositions currently exist at the world-historical scale (Tilly, 1984).

2  2 Business cycles reflect fluctuations in aggregate demand over the medium term while long-wave or Kondratieff cycles reflect long-term movements in commodity prices over a period of fifty years or so.

3  3 BREEAM (Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method) and LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) are systems created in 1990s in the UK and the US, initially to certify the sustainability of buildings.

4  4 https://merics.org/en/analysis/mapping-belt-and-road-initiative-where-we-stand.