Читать книгу Manual of Laboratory Testing Methods for Dental Restorative Materials - Paromita Mazumdar - Страница 9

Dental materials are a wide variety of materials which have been used in preventive and restorative dentistry in order to preserve and enhance oral health. Different materials such as ivory, sea shells, ceramic, and metals have been used historically, and some of them are still in use. There is a constant search for a material that fulfills the requirements of an ideal restorative material.

The requirements for an ideal restorative material are as follows:

 Biocompatibility

 Ability to bond to tooth structure and other restorative materials

 Ability to mimic the natural appearance of the tooth

 Has properties similar to dental tissues

 Ability to repair and regenerate damaged tissue

Studying the properties of these materials along with their interaction in the oral environment allows clinicians to predict the clinical performance in the oral cavity.

Several in vitro tests are proposed to evaluate different properties of dental materials, to study the tooth restoration or tooth substitute material and the intervention system. Each test has its design and evaluates specific properties. In order to seek for standardized testing protocols, an international organization was created to act in that direction. The main guidance for dental materials laboratory testing recommended by International Organization for Standardization (ISO) is tabulated as follows.

Table 1 ISO specifications to guide dental tests.

1559:1995	Dental materials – alloys for dental amalgam
1564:1995	Dental aqueous impression materials based on agar
1942‐2:1989	Dental vocabulary – part 2: dental materials
6876:2001	Dental root canal sealing materials
7405:1997	Dentistry – preclinical evaluation of biocompatibility of medical devices used in dentistry test methods for dental materials
7491:2000	Dental materials – determination of colour stability
9333:1990	Dentistry – brazing materials
10271:2001	Dental metallic materials – corrosion test methods
11245:1999	Dental restorations – phosphate‐bonded refractory die materials
TS 11405:2003	Dental materials – testing of adhesion to tooth structure
TS 14569‐1:1999	Dental materials – guidance on testing of wear – Part 1: wear by toothbrushing

The following chapters present the different techniques of testing the dental restorative materials which have been categorized based on the different properties.