Читать книгу Experimental Design and Statistical Analysis for Pharmacology and the Biomedical Sciences - Paul J. Mitchell - Страница 3

1 Chapter 2Table 2.1 The relative potency of atropine and mepyramine on muscarinic and...Table 2.2 Disease associated with neuropathic pain.

2 Chapter 3Table 3.1 Estimation of pH.

3 Chapter 4Table 4.1 Classification of probability distributions.

4 Chapter 5Table 5.1 Height (m) of 40 female undergraduate students.Table 5.2 Height (m) of 33 male undergraduate students.Table 5.3 Head shake behaviour exhibited by male Wistar rats.Table 5.4 Female height data. Table 5.5 Descriptive statistics summary table (Parametric data).Table 5.6 Summary of Mean, Median and Mode values for positively and negati...

5 Chapter 6Table 6.1 Tukey ladder of transformations.Table 6.2 Comparison of measures of central tendency and distribution analy...

6 Chapter 7Table 7.1 Relationship between selected z‐scores and AUC for the Standard N...

7 Chapter 8Table 8.1 Head shake behaviour exhibited by male Wistar rats.Table 8.2 Time (s) to locate submerged platform in Morris Water maze achiev...Table 8.3 Summary of descriptive statistics (non‐parametric data).Table 8.4 Summary of descriptive statistics.

8 Chapter 9Table 9.1 Assumptions of parametric and non‐parametric data.Table 9.2 Summary of descriptive statistics.Table 9.3 Legitimate use of descriptive statistics.Table 9.4 Summary of depression intensity scored by MADRS.Table 9.5 Effect of a muscarinic receptor agonist to induce contractile res...Table 9.6 Average concentration‐effect data for a muscarinic receptor agoni...Table 9.7 Summary of EC₅₀ data calculations.Table 9.8 Effect of drug treatment on the frequency of rodent Head Shake an...Table 9.9 Non‐parametric descriptive statistics for Head shake and Attempt ...

9 Chapter 10Table 10.1 Summary of pairwise comparison tests for 2 groups only.Table 10.2 Summary of effect of multiple comparisons on the probability of ...Table 10.3 Comparison of adjustment to Type 1 error rate.

10 Chapter 11Table 11.1 Rodent locomotor activity data.Table 11.2 Summary descriptive statistics for control and Drug A data.Table 11.3 Summary descriptive statistics for female and height data.

11 Chapter 12Table 12.1 Effect of coffee on resting heart rate.

12 Chapter 13Table 13.1 Effect of Drug A on rodent rearing behaviour.Table 13.2 Ranking the rearing behaviour scores.

13 Chapter 14Table 14.1 Performance of male rats in the Morris water maze.

14 Chapter 15Table 15.1 Sleeping time for each strain of rat: original observations.Table 15.2 Sleeping time for each strain of rat: calculation of total SSQ....Table 15.3 Summary of total variance data.Table 15.4 Calculation of Between‐Group Sum of Squares.Table 15.5 Summary of Between‐Group and total variance data.Table 15.6 Sleeping time for each strain of rat: calculation of within SSQ....Table 15.7 Summary of Between‐Group, Within‐Group, and total variance data....Table 15.8 One‐way ANOVA table.Table 15.9 Comparison of Between‐Group and Within‐Group variance values.Table 15.10 Effect of diet on weight gain in mice.Table 15.11 Effect of drug treatment on systolic blood pressure.Table 15.12 Adjusted p‐values following Bonferroni correction to main...Table 15.13 Post hoc procedures.Table 15.14 Post hoc analysis of Experiment 1 data.Table 15.15 Post hoc analysis of Experiment 2 data.

15 Chapter 16Table 16.1 Locomotor activity of male Wistar rats.Table 16.2 Within‐subject mean, sum of squares, and variance.Table 16.3 Summary of within‐subject variance data.Table 16.4 Calculation of Between‐Sample variance.Table 16.5 Summary of model and within‐subject variance data.Table 16.6 Summary of model, residual, and within‐subject variance data.Table 16.7 Repeated measures ANOVA.Table 16.8 Bonferroni‐corrected post hoc analysis.Table 16.9 Sidak‐corrected post hoc analysis.Table 16.10 Multiple paired t‐tests with Bonferroni correction.

16 Chapter 17Table 17.1 Examples of Between‐Group FactorsTable 17.2 One Between‐Group Factor = one‐way ANOVA.Table 17.3 One Between‐Group Factor = one‐way ANOVA.Table 17.4 Two Between‐Group Factor = two‐way ANOVA.Table 17.5 Two Between‐Group Factor = two‐way ANOVA.Table 17.6 Three Between‐Group Factor = three‐way ANOVA.Table 17.7 Zero Between‐Group Factor plus one Within‐Group Factor = Repeate...Table 17.8 One Between‐Group Factor plus one Within‐Group Factor = one‐way ...Table 17.9 Two Between‐Group Factors plus one Within‐Group Factor = two‐way...Table 17.10 Summary of suitable post hoc procedures.Table 17.11 Summary of ANOVA output according to model of ANOVA used.Table 17.12 All Means pairwise comparisons of independent groups following ...Table 17.13 Control group pairwise comparisons of independent groups follow...Table 17.14 Pairwise comparisons following two‐way ANOVA.Table 17.15 All possible combinations of 3 Between‐Group Factors.Table 17.16 Pairwise comparisons following three‐way ANOVA.Table 17.17 All Means comparisons of sequential time points following Repea...Table 17.18 Control group comparisons of sequential time points following R...Table 17.19 All Means multiple pairwise comparisons of independent groups f...Table 17.20 Control Group multiple pairwise comparisons of independent grou...Table 17.21 All Means multiple pairwise comparisons of paired group data fo...Table 17.22 Control Group multiple pairwise comparisons of paired group dat...Table 17.23 Summary of Holme correction procedure.Table 17.24 Summary of treatment combinations.Table 17.25 Effect of mesulergine on mCPP‐induced reduction in rodent explor...

17 Chapter 18Table 18.1 Induction of head‐shake behaviour.Table 18.2 Ranking the head‐shake data.Table 18.3 Two Between‐Group Factors = two‐way ANOVA.Table 18.4 Two Between-Group Factors = two‐way ANOVA.Table 18.5 Between‐Group sum of squares; SSQ_Between.Table 18.6 Within‐Group sum of squares; SSQ_Within.Table 18.7 Between‐ and Within‐Group variancesTable 18.8 Summary of the two‐way ANOVA by ranks.Table 18.9 Assessment of lecture quality.Table 18.10 Rank data for assessment of lecture quality.Table 18.11 Sum of ranks and mean ranks of head‐shake data.Table 18.12 Multiple comparisons between all groups using Dunn's test.Table 18.13 Multiple comparisons between all groups using Mann–Whitney U‐tes...Table 18.14 Differences in sum of ranks.Table 18.15 Multiple comparisons between all groups using Dunn's test.Table 18.16 Multiple comparisons between all groups using Dunn's test.Table 18.17 Multiple comparisons between all groups using Wilcoxon Signed‐Ra...Table 18.18 Multiple comparisons to control data using Dunn's test.Table 18.19 Multiple comparisons between all groups using Wilcoxon Signed‐Ra...

18 Chapter 19Table 19.1 Blood enzyme levels.Table 19.2 Birth weight and adult diastolic blood pressure.Table 19.3 Lung function and age (18–75 years).Table 19.4 Correlation analysis of age and lung function (18–75 years).Table 19.5 Lung function and age (18–27 years).Table 19.6 Lung function and age (30–75 years).Table 19.7 Correlation analysis of age and lung function according to age s...Table 19.8 Serum C‐reactive protein and pain.Table 19.9 Serum C‐reactive protein and pain – rank values.Table 19.10 Serum C‐reactive protein and pain.Table 19.11 Correlation analysis of serum C‐reactive protein and pain.Table 19.12 Comparison of GP vacancies and lost working days.Table 19.13 Correspondence of assigned rank values for C‐reaction protein a...

19 Chapter 20Table 20.1 Urinary protein levels throughout pregnancy.Table 20.2 Regression analysis of urinary protein levels throughout pregnanc...Table 20.3 Linear regression ANOVA.Table 20.4 Degradation of atropine sulphate solution.Table 20.5 Degradation of atropine sulphate solution: transformed data.Table 20.6 Linear regression ANOVA; atropine degradation.Table 20.7 Colorimetric assay of methylene blue.Table 20.8 Log₁₀ transformation of methylene blue absorbance data.Table 20.9 Methylene blue absorbance data: transformed data.Table 20.10 Linear regression ANOVA; methylene blue absorbanceTable 20.11 Summary of calculated unknown concentrations of methylene blue....

20 Chapter 21Table 21.1 Summary of age and colour preference.Table 21.2 Summary of age and colour preference: column and row totals.Table 21.3 Summary of age and colour preference: expected frequencies.Table 21.4 Summary of age and colour preference: expected frequencies.Table 21.5 Summary of age and colour preference: standardised residuals.Table 21.6 Gender bias, rheumatoid, and osteoarthritis.Table 21.7 Gender bias and arthritic disease.Table 21.8 Heart disease and treatment.Table 21.9 3 × 3 contingency table, observed frequencies.Table 21.10 3 × 3 contingency table, observed and expected frequencies.Table 21.11 3 × 3 contingency table, observed and expected frequencies.Table 21.12 3 × 3 contingency table, contributions to χ ².Table 21.13 3 × 3 contingency table, contributions to χ ².

21 Chapter 23Table 23.1 Hypothetical control and test data.Table 23.2 Summary of hypothetical control and test data.Table 23.3 All possible permutations of hypothetical control and test data....Table 23.4 All possible permutations of hypothetical control and test data....Table 23.5 Example factorial values.Table 23.6 Example total permutations, without repetition.

22 2 Table B.1 AUC values for z values below the mean (i.e. −z). Table B.2 AUC values for z values above the mean (i.e. +z).

23 4Table D.1 Critical values for U; One‐tailed test, p = 0.05.Table D.2 Critical values for U; One‐tailed test, p = 0.01.Table D.3 Critical values for U; Two‐tailed test, p = 0.05.Table D.4 Critical values for U; Two‐tailed test, p = 0.01.

24 5Table E.1 Critical values of F, p = 0.05.Table E.2 Critical values of F, p = 0.01.Table E.3 Critical values of F, p = 0.001.

25 7 Table G.1 Critical values of z according to the number of comparisons. Table G.2 Alternative critical values of z according to the number of compar...

26 8 Table H.1 Pearson product moment correlation. Table H.2 Spearman rank correlation. Table H.3 Kendall's rank correlation (Kendall's tau).