Читать книгу A Clinician's Guide to CBT for Children to Young Adults - Paul Stallard - Страница 25

CBT is a reflective process in which the young person is encouraged through an open and curious approach to discover insights into their problems and difficulties and to find potential solutions and strategies that are helpful.

The CBT framework provides a simple model for bringing together different aspects of the young person’s experience that may feel random or unconnected. By encouraging the young person to attend to their thoughts, feelings, and behaviours, they are helped to understand the basic premise of the CBT model, that is, that they are connected and interlinked. Typically, this culminates in the development of a problem formulation where the young person discovers that the way they think is associated with how they feel and what they do. This understanding is empowering and can help to develop self‐efficacy as the young person and their parents are encouraged to use this understanding to consider how the current unhelpful cycle could change.

The process of reflection and discovery is encouraged using the Socratic dialogue. This process is discussed in more detail in Chapter 6 (Discovery) and involves an open and curious approach where questions guide the young person to attend to new or overlooked information. The dialogue encourages reflection and consideration of what might happen if they responded differently to their thoughts and feelings. For example, a Socratic dialogue with a depressed girl might help her to attend to times when she has been successful thereby challenging her belief that she is a failure. Similarly, a Socratic dialogue with an anxious boy might help him attend to times or places where he has successfully managed his anxiety, leading to reflection about potential coping skills.

This reflective process is embedded in clinical sessions by regularly encouraging the young person to reflect and to summarise what they have discovered and how they might be able to use and apply this. Diaries, home assignments, and behavioural experiments all provide opportunities for reflection.

 What have you found out?

 What does this mean?

 How does this help?

The CORE philosophy promotes a process of reflection and self‐discovery which encourages the young person to develop new insights and understandings.