Читать книгу A Concise Chronicle of Events of the Great War - R. P. P. Rowe - Страница 6

Table of Contents

Jan. 1 (Fri.)

A new British decoration, the 'Military Cross,' is instituted.

The Caucasus:—Ardahan is occupied by the Turks.

H.M.S. Formidable (battleship) is torpedoed in the English Channel (600 lives lost).

Jan. 2 (Sat.)

The Caucasus:—The end of the Battle of Sarykamish (see Dec. 29, 1914): the Turks are routed.

East Africa:—Jassin is occupied by the British (see Jan. 19).

H.M.S. Fox and H.M.S. Goliath bombard Dar-es-Salaam (German East Africa).

Jan. 3 (Sun.)

The Caucasus:—Ardahan is reoccupied by the Russians.

Jan. 4 (Mon.)

A Russian advance in the Bukovina begins.

Jan. 7 (Thurs.)

The Cameroons:—A German attack on Edea is repulsed.

Jan. 8 (Fri.)

The Battle of Soissons begins (see Jan. 14): the French advance.

The Caucasus:—The Battle of Kara Urgan begins (see Jan. 13).

Jan. 9 (Sat.)

Northern Persia:—The Turks capture Tabriz from the Russians (see Jan. 30).

Jan. 11 (Mon.)

A German counter-attack at Soissons is repulsed.

Jan. 12 (Tues.)

East Africa:—The Island of Mafia surrenders to the British.

Jan. 13 (Wed.)

Caucasus:—The Battle of Kara Urgan ends in a Turkish defeat (see Jan. 8).

Jan. 14 (Thur.)

The French fall back on Soissons: the end of the Battle of Soissons (see Jan. 8).

South-West Africa:—Swakopmund is occupied by Union forces.

Jan. 19 (Tues.)

The Austrian army enters Galicia.

East Africa:—Jassin is captured by the Germans (see Jan. 2).

A Zeppelin raid on Yarmouth, Cromer and King's Lynn.

Jan. 21 (Thur.)

The Germans capture the Hartmannsweilerkopf (Alsace).

Jan. 22 (Fri.)

A British air-raid on Zeebrugge.

Jan. 24 (Sun.)

South Africa:—The rebels under Maritz and Kemp are repulsed with heavy loss at Upington.

The Battle of the Dogger Bank: Beatty's squadron destroys the Blücher and damages other German warships.

Jan. 25 (Mon.)

German attacks are repulsed at Cuinchy and near Givenchy.

The German light cruiser Gazelle is torpedoed in the Baltic.

The Russians destroy a German airship over Libau.

Jan. 26 (Tues.)

The Turks advance on Egypt from Palestine.

Jan. 29 (Fri.)

The Turks occupy Katiyeh, near the Suez Canal.

Jan. 30 (Sat.)

Northern Persia:—The Russians reoccupy Tabriz (see Jan. 9).

Jan. 31 (Sun.)

Farsan Island (Red Sea) is occupied by Arab forces.

Feb. 1 (Mon.)

The British hospital ship Asturias is attacked near Havre by a German submarine.

Feb. 2 (Tues.)

The first Turkish attack on the Suez Canal.

Feb. 3 (Wed.)

The Turks are repulsed on the Suez Canal.

South Africa:—Kemp, the last rebel leader, surrenders unconditionally; this ends the rebellion (see Oct. 22, 1914).

Feb. 4 (Thur.)

The British cross the Suez Canal and pursue the Turks.

Feb. 6 (Sat.)

The Russians again advance in East Prussia.

Feb. 7 (Sun.)

The Russians retire before a German advance in East Prussia, and are driven back by the Austrians in the Bukovina.

Feb. 8 (Mon.)

South-West Africa:—General Botha sails for Walfish Bay (see July 9, 1915).

French airmen bombard Ostend.

Feb. 11 (Thur.)

A British air-raid on Zeebrugge.

Feb. 12 (Fri.)

The Germans invade Russia and take Miriampol.

The Austrians advance in the Carpathians.

Aden Protectorate is invaded by the Turks.

Feb. 14 (Sun.)

The Germans capture Lyck and again clear East Prussia.

Feb. 15 (Mon.)

Mutiny of the 5th Light Infantry at Singapore.

Feb. 16 (Tues.)

The Austrians capture Kolomea (Bukovina).

A British naval air-raid on Zeebrugge.

Feb. 17 (Wed.)

Czernowitz is recaptured by the Austrians (see Oct. 27, 1914).

Feb. 18 (Thur.)

The declaration by Germany of a submarine blockade round the British Isles comes into force.

The end of the German advance into Russia.

Feb. 19 (Fri.)

The Austrians drive the Russians out of Stanislau (see March 4).

A naval attack on the Dardanelles begins: the outer forts are bombarded until the 23rd.

Feb. 21 (Sun.)

A Zeppelin raid on Calais.

Feb. 22 (Mon.)

The Germans advance on Przasnysz (the Battle of Przasnysz).

The Turks are driven from Akaba (Red Sea).

South-West Africa:—Garub is occupied by Union troops.

Feb. 24 (Wed.)

The Germans capture Przasnysz (see Feb. 27).

Feb. 25 (Thur.)

The bombardment of the Dardanelles forts is resumed; the Queen Elizabeth comes into action.

Feb. 26 (Fri.)

The entrance to the Dardanelles is swept clear of mines.

Feb. 27 (Sat.)

Przasnysz is reoccupied by the Russians (see Feb. 24 and July 14).

Feb. 28 (Sun.)

A German retreat from North Poland begins.

A German submarine is rammed by the Thordis off Beachy Head (the first case of a submarine being rammed by a merchant ship).

Mar. 3 (Wed.)

South-West Africa:—Makob is occupied by Union forces.

Mar. 4 (Thur.)

Stanislau is recaptured by the Russians (see Feb. 19).

The Dardanelles forts are bombarded from inside the Straits.

The German submarine U8 is sunk by British destroyers near Dover.

Mar. 5 (Fri.)

The Allies bombard Smyrna.

Mar. 6 (Sat.)

Another great attack on the Dardanelles forts.

Mar. 7 (Sun.)

Lemnos, in the Ægean Sea, is occupied by the British.

Mar. 8 (Mon.)

The British Government announces that a separate treatment will be meted out to prisoners captured in German submarines (see April 12 and June 12).

Heavy fighting near Augustovo: the Russians drive the Germans back to the frontier.

A British air-raid on Ostend.

Mar. 9 (Tues.)

East Africa:—The British defeat the Germans on the Mora River.

The German submarine U12 is rammed and sunk by the British destroyer Ariel off the Firth of Forth.

Mar. 10 (Wed.)

The Battle of Neuve Chapelle begins: the British advance (see March 13).

Mar. 11 (Thur.)

South-West Africa:—Nabas is occupied by Union forces.

H.M.S. Bayano (armed merchant cruiser) is sunk by a submarine off the Clyde.

Mar. 13 (Sat.)

The Battle of Neuve Chapelle ends: the British gains are consolidated (see March 10).

The Russians breach the defences of Przemysl.

Mar. 14 (Sun.)

The Germans attack at St. Eloi and take the village.

H.M.S. Kent and Glasgow sink the Dresden off Juan Fernandez Island.

Mar. 15 (Mon.)

The British retake St. Eloi.

H.M.S. Amethyst makes a raid up the Dardanelles.

Mar. 17 (Wed.)

A further enemy attack at St. Eloi is repulsed.

Sir Ian Hamilton arrives at Tenedos (Ægean Sea).

Mar. 18 (Thur.)

The Battle of the Narrows: an Allied naval attack on the Dardanelles is repulsed; the French battleship Bouvet and the British battleships Irresistible and Ocean are sunk.

The Russians again invade East Prussia and temporarily occupy Memel (see March 21).

A Zeppelin raid on Calais.

Mar. 20 (Sat.)

South-West Africa:—General Botha defeats the Germans at Riet on the Swakop.

Mar. 21 (Sun.)

The Germans retake Memel (see March 18).

Mar. 22 (Mon.)

Przemysl surrenders to the Russians, who claim 126,000 prisoners (see Nov. 11, 1914, and June 3, 1915).

A second Turkish attack on the Suez Canal.

Mar. 23 (Tues.)

The Turks are again driven back from the Suez Canal.

Mar. 24 (Wed.)

A British air-raid on German submarine works at Hoboken, near Antwerp.

Mar. 25 (Thur.)

The French attack the Hartmannsweilerkopf (Alsace).

The Dutch steamship Medea is sunk by a German submarine off Beachy Head.

The German fleet bombards the coast of Courland.

A French air-raid on Metz.

Mar. 27 (Sat.)

The French capture the Hartmannsweilerkopf (Alsace).

Mar. 28 (Sun.)

The British liner Falaba is sunk by the U28 south of St. George's Channel.

Libau is bombarded by German warships.

A German air-raid on Calais.

April 1 (Thur.)

South-West Africa:—Union forces seize Hasuur.

A British air-raid on Hoboken and Zeebrugge.

April 4 (Easter Sunday)

South-West Africa:—Warmbad is occupied by Union forces.

April 5 (Mon.)

The French attack at Les Eparges.

Caucasus:—Artvin is occupied by the Russians.

April 6 (Tues.)

A German counter-attack at Les Eparges.

April 8 (Thur.)

The French win the summit of Les Eparges.

April 9 (Fri.)

A final German counter-attack at Les Eparges is repulsed.

April 12 (Mon.)

Germany places 39 British officers in detention barracks as a reprisal against the treatment of submarine prisoners by Great Britain (see March 8 and June 12).

Mesopotamia:—The British are attacked at Shaiba.

April 14 (Wed.)

Mesopotamia:—The Battle at Shaiba ends in the defeat of the Turks.

A Zeppelin raid on the Tyneside.

April 15 (Thur.)

A Zeppelin raid on East Anglia.

April 16 (Fri.)

Northern Persia:—Urmia is occupied by the Turks.

April 17 (Sat.)

The British capture 'Hill 60,' near Ypres.

South West Africa:—Seeheim is occupied by Union forces.

April 18 (Sun.)

The Germans counter-attack on 'Hill 60' and regain part of it.

On the North-West Frontier of India Mohmand Inshkar is defeated by the British.

April 20 (Tues.)

Fierce fighting on 'Hill 60.' The Germans bombard Ypres.

April 21 (Wed.)

The Germans are driven from 'Hill 60' (see May 5).

April 22 (Thur.)

The Second Battle of Ypres (see May 24) begins; poison gas is used by the Germans for the first time; the Canadians suffer heavily.

April 24 (Sat.)

A second German gas attack; the Germans storm St. Julien.

April 25 (Sun.)

Alsace:—The French lose ground on the Hartmannsweilerkopf.

April 25–26 (Sun.-Mon.)

The Allies land in Gallipoli (the Battle of Cape Helles).

April 27 (Tues.)

The Baltic Provinces are invaded by the Germans.

The British positions in Gallipoli are consolidated.

The French armoured cruiser Leon Gambetta is torpedoed and sunk at the entrance of the Straits of Otranto (night of 26–27).

The British submarine E14 enters the Sea of Marmora.

April 28 (Wed.)

The German offensive is held at Ypres.

Alsace:—The French retake the Hartmannsweilerkopf, the summit of which had been lost on the 25th.

Gallipoli:—The First Battle for Krithia: the Allies are repulsed.

An unsuccessful Turkish attack on the Suez Canal (the third).

South-West Africa:—The Germans are defeated at Gibeon.

French airmen raid Friedrichshafen.

April 29 (Thur.)

A Turkish transport is sunk by the E14 in the Sea of Marmora.

April 30 (Fri.)

A Zeppelin raid on East Anglia.

May 1 (Sat.)

The great Austro-German offensive in Western Galicia begins. In the Baltic Provinces the Germans occupy Shavli and approach Libau.

The Turks attack in Gallipoli.

The British destroyer Recruit[2] is sunk by a submarine off the Galloper lightship. Two German torpedo boats are sunk by British destroyers in the North Sea.

May 2 (Sun.)

A German gas attack at Ypres is repulsed.

The Austro-Germans cross the Biala; Ciezkowice is taken.

The British counter-attack in Gallipoli.

May 3 (Mon.)

The British line at Ypres is shortened.

The Germans advance on the Eastern Front.

May 4 (Tues.)

Gallipoli:—The British fail in an attack at Gaba Tepe.

May 5 (Wed.)