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LTE/EPS air interface NAS layer messages and their tabular definitions/descriptions have been presented in the previous examples. It has been observed that the types, in TLV format, of the different IEs of a particular message are not the same, but they are mixed in nature, i.e. Type 1, Type 2, and so on. Figure 4.6 illustrates one such typical encoding of IEs of a Layer 3 messages header (1 octet, value only); message type (1 octet, value only); and followed by a typical IE in TLV format for transferring between an MS and the RAN over the respective air interface. The IEs of a message are encoded at the sender and decoded at the receiver in the same order as it is defined in its concerned technical specification.

Figure 4.6 Illustration: encoding and transmission of air interface message.