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The essays now collected in this volume were first published as follows: A Hundred Years of Culture and Anarchy in The Spokesman, 8, December 1970, based on a lecture given in Manchester in April 1969; Literature and Sociology: in Memory of Lucien Goldmann in New Left Review, 67, May-June 1971, based on a lecture given in Cambridge in April 1971; Base and Superstructure in Marxist Cultural Theory in New Left Review, 82, November-December 1973, based on a lecture given in Montreal in April 1973; Means of Communication as Means of Production in Prilozi: Drustvenost Komunikacije, Zagreb, 1978; Ideas of Nature in Ecology: the Shaping Inquiry (ed. J. Benthall), Longman, 1972, based on a lecture given at the Institute of Contemporary Arts, London, in 1971; Social Darwinism in The Limits of Human Nature (ed. J. Benthall), Allen Lane, 1973, based on a lecture given at the Institute of Contemporary Arts, London, in 1972; Problems of Materialism in New Left Review, 109, May-June 1978; Social Environment and Theatrical Environment in English Drama: Forms and Development (ed. M. Axton and R. Williams), Cambridge University Press, 1977; The Bloomsbury Fraction in Keynes and the Bloomsbury Group (ed. D. Crabtree and A.P. Thirlwall), Macmillan, 1980, based on a lecture given in Canterbury in 1978; Advertising: the Magic System, originally written as a chapter in The Long Revolution (1961), withdrawn from that book for inclusion in a collective book on advertising which in the event was not published, then published in part in New Left Review, 4, July-August 1960 (the Afterword to this essay was published in The Listener, 31 July, 1969); Utopia and Science Fiction in Science Fiction Studies, Vol. 5 (1978), Montreal, and in Science Fiction: a Critical Guide (ed. P. Parrinder), Longman, 1979; The Welsh Industrial Novel, University College Press, Cardiff, 1979, based on the inaugural Gwyn Jones lecture given in Cardiff, April 1978; Notes on Marxism in Britain since 1945 in New Left Review, 100, November 1976-January 1977; Beyond Actually Existing Socialism in New Left Review, 120, March-April 1980. I have taken the opportunity to revise all the essays for this volume.

R.W.