Читать книгу Patchwork Quilted Bags - Reiko Washizawa - Страница 7
ОглавлениеPatterns in this book
For this book, I focused on simple patterns and piecework for a wide range of small patchwork projects that I hoped would appeal to beginners and seasoned quilters alike. As you become accustomed to the basics, refer to this section and feel free to modify the designs and patchwork steps.
Basic Patterns
Square
▶ p.24 Square Patchwork Bag and Pouches
▶ p.46 Fancy Travel Case
● Drafting a Square
We will use 2 triangle rulers to create a square.
You can draw rectangles using the same method.
① Place the two triangular rulers side-by-side and trace along the vertical and horizontal sides to create a right angle with lines of equal length.
② Shift the lower triangular ruler upwards to the top of the vertical line you drew. Draw a line parallel to the horizontal one from the previous step.
③ Determine desired size and draw a parallel line to the vertical line from step ①.
④ All done! Double-check that all four corners are right angles.
● Piecework
Please keep in mind that the basic method of piecework is to first sew the fabric pieces along the sides to create a row, and then join the rows together.
① Always backstitch at the end and beginning marks of each seam.
② Sew together consecutively, and press seam allowances in opposite directions.
③ For the next row, press the seam allowances in the opposite direction of the previous row.
④ When joining the rows, take extra care with pinning to ensure that the seam lines match up.
⑤ Carefully sew across.
⑥ Where the seams intersect, press the seam allowances in a rotating direction, like a windmill.
Hexagon
▶ p.10 The Little Bird Bag
● Drafting a Hexagon
You will need a compass. The following is a typical drafting method.
① Determine the desired measurement of a hexagon side a, and using this measurement as the radius, draw a circle.
② To figure out where the corners of the hexagon will intersect, first measure out the radius dimension from point A and make a mark on the arc above and below the horizontal line. Repeat with point A’.
③ Connect the marks.
● Piecework
The flower is a popular pattern shaped with hexagons. In this delightful design, each hexagonal piece forms a petal. For detailed instructions, see page 15.
Rhombus
▶p.30 Lemon Star Gusseted Bag
▶p.56 Strawberry Pouch
● Drafting a Rhombus
We will use the hexagon above as reference for drawing the rhombus.
① Determine the measurement of a rhombus side a, and using this measurement as the radius, draw a circle. Plot out the 6 points for the hexagon and connect the dots.
② When you draw six diagonal lines from each corner, you will have six isosceles triangles.
③ Two adjacent triangles from step ② will form a rhombus.
● Piecework
Rhombuses are often used to create star patterns. The star’s shape will vary depending on the number of rhombuses sewn together, In this book, we will introduce a bag sporting the quintessential “Lemon Star” design.
Applied Pattern
Octagon
To create this 8-sided polygon, 4 equilateral triangles are pieced together at each corner of a square. Play with hue combinations and you will find that certain color schemes will make the octagon shape appear round, which is a fun effect.
▶ p.36 Flat Bag
● Drafting an Octagon
• Key Points (for Flat Bag)
First draw a 23/8 in (6cm) square, and on each corner, measure out ¾ in (1.75cm) horizontally and vertically and draw a right angle isosceles triangle. The long side of the triangle will be the approximate length of the octagon side.
● Seam Allowance Direction
• Piecework Key Points
With right sides facing, stitch the triangles to the octagon. Press the seam allowance toward the corner.
▶ p.30 Lemon Star Gusseted Bag
Lemon Star
Also called the “8-pointed star,” this classic design is a must-try for quilters. Experiment with contrasting fabrics to make the star pop.
● Drafting a Lemon Star
• Key Points
Divide one side of the square into the following ratio: 1: √2: 1
① Draw a diagonal line from one corner and repeat on the other corner.
② Position the compass on a corner (P), placing the other end of the compass mid-way (O) on the diagonal line (see illustration above).
Draw an arc from horizontal line to the vertical line. Repeat with the other three corners.
● Seam Allowance Direction
• Piecework Key Points
As seen in the illustration, assemble 4 sets of sewn rhombus pairs (up to the ○ mark). After piecing together half of the star, use a ruler to make sure that the center line is straight before attaching the other half. Fit the surrounding square and triangular pieces into the star shape and sew together.
Patchwork Quilt Basic Terms
Included below are essential patchwork quilt terms. If you are a beginner, they can seem overwhelming at first, but they are definitely worth taking the time to learn.
Essential Terms & Techniques
● Quilt
Composed of batting (padding) sandwiched between a quilt top (top fabric layer) and backing (the lower or underside fabric). The three layers are then stitched together.
● Patchwork
A patch refers to sewing together small, varying sized scraps of fabric. Or simply, sewing fabric together.
● Piece
A “piece” can be defined as a single element, one sheet, or a fabric segment. It refers to the unit of triangular, square or any other shape of fabric to create a quilt.
● Piecework, piecing
The process of joining pieces to create quilt sections.
● Pattern
The layout design of the patchwork quilt.
● Quilt Top
The upper or top piece of a quilt, usually decorated with piecing, appliqué and/or embroidery.
● Batting
The padding inserted between the quilt top and backing. Also called wadding or stuffing, they are typically made out of synthetic fibers, cotton, or wool.
● Backing
The bottom or back layer of the quilt.
● Quilting
To stitch together three layers in the order of quilt top, batting and backing (or lining).
● Binding Strip, Bias Strip
Methods of finishing the raw edges of the quilt. Examples include folding over a section of the top or backing and hand stitching in place, or wrapping a separate strip of bias or binding fabric around the raw edges.
● One Patch
A pattern using only one shape such as a square, triangle or hexagon to construct the entire quilt.
Other Common Terms & Techniques
● Appliqué
Derived from the French word “Appliquer,” which means to apply or attach, appliqué involves sewing small pieces of fabric onto a foundation or background fabric in a decorative design. The design itself is also called appliqué.
● Stitch in the ditch
The technique of sewing along the seam lines created by the piecework and appliqué, which results in a quilting effect that echoes the shapes. Although the stitches will not be apparent, the designs will appear to be floating.
● Backstitching
To secure stitches, sew one stitch, then using your reversing mechanism, backstitch once. For patchwork, it is common to only backstitch once.
● Blind stitch
The blind stitch, also known as the blind hem stitch or hem stitch, is commonly used for appliqué and binding. This hand-stitching method results in small, nearly invisible stitches on the front.
● Trapunto
A quilt style or quilting method that adds extra dimension and texture. It is also called the “stuffing technique”and isolates certain parts of the design to give it a raised and puffy appearance.
● Whip Stitch
A stitching method of evenly wrapping the stitches over and around the fabric edge.
About Quilt Dimensions and Shrinkage
Even if the same paper patterns are used, the final dimensions may vary depending on the individual quilter. Factors such as the thickness of the pencil lead when transferring the patterns to the fabric or the particular piecework combination selected will contribute to this variation. So don’t worry too much if your quilt size is different from the listed dimensions. What’s important is to avoid fading and shrinkage when washing the quilt. Make sure to prepare all fabric by prewashing and pressing lightly with an iron.
About the Grain Line
All fabrics have grain lines, and you will see arrows on the patterns to indicate those lines. The direction parallel to the selvage is called straight grain and hardly stretches. The fabric direction perpendicular to the selvage (called cross grain) has more stretch. Keep these characteristics in mind as you cut your fabric. Piecework cut from the cross grain creates a more polished result, and curving appliqué elements like stems and basket handles are easier to manipulate when the fabric is cut in a diagonal grain direction called the bias.
