Читать книгу Bible of the Time. …from the Big Bang to the present day… - Rem Word - Страница 14
History of Antiquity
Ancient Latin America
ОглавлениеInca city, Machu Picchu, territory of modern Peru. Height 2.5 km. Architects fit stones of various shapes to each other, like puzzles. The Incas also erected pyramids, but these temples never reached the splendor of Mayan structures.
The Incas. State of Tahuantisuyu. The western coast of South America, starting from the northern territories of modern Chile and Colombia. Another smear in memory – one thousand two hundred years BC. – the first ruler of Manco Capaca. The last, who led the revolt against the Spaniards, the Great Indian – Tupac Omaru (1570—1572).
There is no monetary system. The benefits are distributed according to the order established by the leader.
Aztecs. The self-name of the people is Meshika, hence the well-known toponym «Mexico». These Indians are to the south of Mexico from the north, in the thirteenth century AD. e. The Aztecs rebuild the city of Tenochtitlan, the future Mexico City on an island in the middle of a lake, and in a short time become the rulers of local tribes. But in 1519 the Aztecs meet even more ambitious Spaniards. After just six years, the huge, by the standards of Europe in the Middle Ages, the Aztec empire ceases to exist. Presumably, by this time the Indians were already 95% mowed down by smallpox and chickenpox, introduced by Columbus in 1492, and spread to both continents. The world, equal in culture to Ancient Egypt during its heyday, moves into the realm of legends.
One of the Mayan pyramids in modern Mexico is the pyramid of Kukulkan. Initially, these structures are not intended for performing bloody rituals. However, the Aztecs who came to these lands use them for mass executions of prisoners of war.
For a warrior and a priest, it is considered permissible to write poetry. Let's listen to excerpts from the author's hymns of the Aztecs:
May our land be forever!
Yes, the mountains are indestructible!
So says Ayokuan Kuezpaltsin
Here in Tlaxcale, in Huesocinco
Let them feed everyone without exception
And ruddy maize and cocoa
May the Earth be forever!
(A. Kuezpaltsyn)
We got drunk in Michuacan
We were called to a feast, we went for the booty
We came and were completely drunk from the fight
…And they saw how our soldiers fled
How the gold quivered and the quetzal feather banners faded
If only the soldiers did not become prisoners
Hurry up – so that this does not happen to you
If the young warriors become prisoners.
They will be sacrificed, condemned to the slaughter
If this happens, what are we going to do?
We will growl as fierce as jaguars
We, the eagles, the old men, will call the eagles
Avoid captivity, fear the slaughter
Hurry up – so that this does not happen to you!
(«Song of the Old Men», by the warrior Aishakatl)
Mayan.
Former possessions of the Maya, the city of Teotehuacan («The place where the gods gather»)
The territory of the legendary founders of Mesoamerica is located somewhat south of the future possessions of the Aztecs. Scientists deduce the beginning of civilization as a thousand years BC. e. By the ninth century A.D. Mayan culture is in decline. The reason, according to the conclusion of paleogeologists, is a long-term drought caused by a change in ocean currents. The inhabitants of the country simply disappear. They leave behind magnificent pyramids, a complex irrigation system and a calendar.
