Читать книгу A Manual of Philippine Birds - Richard C. McGregor - Страница 248

 Tringa hypoleucos Linnæus, Syst. Nat. ed. 10 (1758), 1, 149.

 Tringoides hypoleucus Sharpe, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. (1896), 24, 456; Hand-List (1899), 1, 161; Oates, Cat. Birds’ Eggs (1902), 2, 45.

 Actitis hypoleucus McGregor and Worcester, Hand-List (1906), 26.

Agutaya (McGregor); Balabac (Everett); Bantayan (McGregor); Basilan (Steere Exp.); Batan (McGregor); Bohol (Everett); Cagayancillo (McGregor); Cagayan Sulu (Guillemard, McGregor); Calamianes (Bourns & Worcester); Calayan (McGregor); Camiguin S. (Murray); Cebu (Everett, Bourns & Worcester, McGregor); Cuyo (McGregor); Guimaras (Steere Exp., Bourns & Worcester); Lubang (McGregor); Luzon (Jagor, Everett, Bourns & Worcester, Whitehead, McGregor); Masbate (Bourns & Worcester); Mindanao (Murray, Everett); Mindoro (Schmacker, McGregor, Porter); Negros (Steere Exp., Bourns & Worcester); Palawan (Everett, Platen, Whitehead, Steere Exp., Bourns & Worcester, White); Panay (Steere Exp., Bourns & Worcester); Samar (Bourns & Worcester); Sibay (McGregor & Worcester); Siquijor (Celestino); Ticao (McGregor); Verde (McGregor). Africa, Europe, and northern Asia; south in winter from Indian Peninsula to Australia.

“Adult male in breeding plumage.—Above bronzy brown, the feathers with arrow-shaped central markings of black, which take the form of bars on scapulars and inner secondaries, wing-coverts bronzy brown like the back, but regularly barred with blackish; median and greater coverts with ashy fringes, the latter rather broadly tipped with white; alula, primary-coverts, and quills brown with an olive gloss; secondaries tipped with white and having a broad white base; inner secondaries like the back; lower back, rump, and upper tail-coverts like the back; lateral coverts barred with blackish and with white on outer web; tail-feathers bronzy brown, with irregular cross-bars of blackish brown; middle feathers narrowly, outer feathers broadly, tipped with white, penultimate feather barred with white on outer web, outermost feather almost entirely white with a little brown on inner web, which is barred with blackish; crown and neck bronzy brown, with narrow mesial shaft-lines of blackish brown, a narrow superciliary line of whitish, extending from base of bill; sides of face bronzy brown, with blackish shaft-lines to the feathers; fore part of cheeks and under surface pure white, with dusky streaks on the throat, these being a little longer on chest, the sides of latter and sides of upper breast brown; under wing-coverts white, mottled with blackish bases, especially distinct on edge of wing; axillars pure white; quills dusky below, white toward base of inner web. ‘Bill dusky above, brownish gray beneath; feet grayish, tinged with green, claws black; iris brown.’ (Macgillivray.) Length, 203; culmen, 28; wing, 104; tail, 51; tarsus, 24.

“Adult female in breeding plumage.—Similar to the male in color, but not quite so heavily marked, and the streaks on the fore neck and chest less pronounced. Length, 178; culmen, 28; wing, 109; tail, 61; tarsus, 22.

“Adult in winter plumage.—A little more bronzy olive than in summer, and uniform above, without the black central streaks and black spear-shaped spots which are characteristic of the summer dress; the streaks on the throat are also much narrower and not so distinct.

“Young.—Easily distinguished by the cross-bars of sandy or reddish buff and dusky brown, which give the upper surface a freckled appearance; throat uniform, with scarcely any indications of streaks on the lower part.” (Sharpe.)

The common sandpiper is widely distributed and is often found along fresh-water streams as well as near the sea.