Читать книгу A Manual of Philippine Birds - Richard C. McGregor - Страница 289

 Glareola orientalis Leach, Trans. Linn. Soc. (1820), 132, pl. 13; Oates, Birds Brit. Burmah (1883), 2, 361; Cat. Birds’ Eggs (1902), 2, 78; Sharpe, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. (1896), 24, 58; Hand-List (1899), 1, 171; Blanford, Fauna Brit. Ind. Bds. (1898), 4, 214 fig. 48 (head); McGregor and Worcester, Hand-List (1906), 30.

Calayan (McGregor); Luzon (Steere Exp., McGregor); Negros (Layard); Palawan (Whitehead, White). China, eastern Siberia, Indian Peninsula, Indo-Chinese countries; in winter Malay Peninsula and Archipelago to Australia.

Adult male and female.—Above nearly uniform earthy brown; tail-coverts white; a narrow line below eye white; lores black, this color continued in a line below eyes to ear-coverts and across breast and bordered in front with white; sides of neck earthy brown, usually extending across fore breast; chin, throat, and breast light rufous or ocherous-brown; abdomen, flanks, and under tail-coverts white; primaries, secondaries, and alula blackish; axillars and under wing-coverts bright chestnut; white at base of tail gradually increasing in extent from the central pair of rectrices outward; tips brown. Bill black, scarlet posteriorly of nostrils; inside of mouth dull salmon-pink; iris brown; legs and nails dark seal-brown. Length of male, 230; wing, 182; tail, 78; exposed culmen, 14; tarsus, 34; middle toe with claw, 29. Female, wing, 185; tail, 72; exposed culmen, 15; tarsus, 34.

A young female from Calayan, November 11, 1903, resembles the adult but the black and white lines across breast are wanting, being replaced by numerous blackish brown dashes a few of which are scattered forward onto throat.

“Young.—Differs from the adult in having the entire upper surface blackish, mottled with broad edgings of sandy buff to all the feathers, especially the quills and tail-feathers; head mottled like the back; cheeks and under surface of body isabelline-buff; fore neck and chest mottled with black, the feathers with a broad subterminal bar or heart-shaped spot of black.

“The sandy-buff margins to the feathers become bleached to white, and in many respects abraded, so that the subterminal black markings of the young plumage remain as margins to the dorsal feathers. The adult plumage is apparently gained by a molt, and the new feathers have a slight indication of a sandy-buff fringe on the upper parts, while the chest is mottled with ashy, the feathers having sandy-colored margins; the throat is at first irregularly spotted or streaked with blackish, and has scarcely any signs of a black crescent.

“There is considerable variation with regard to the rufous color of the throat and breast, this being sometimes very rich in tint. I imagine that this is a sign of nesting plumage to a great extent; but it may also indicate the age of the bird, the plumage becoming more richly colored as the bird gets older.” (Sharpe.)

“Numerous flocks seen by me on the plains of Isabela in April, 1906.” (Worcester.)

During the winter months this anomalous plover visits the Philippines in small numbers. Its deeply cleft bill and forked tail distinguish it from all other plovers; and even while on the wing it may be recognized by its circling, swallow-like flight.