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Cook’s notes

Measurements

Both metric and imperial measurements are given for the recipes. Use one set of measurements only, not a mixture of the two.

Oven and grill

Preheat the oven to the specified temperature; if using a fan-assisted oven, follow the manufacturer’s instructions for adjusting the temperature. This usually means reducing the temperature by 20°C (65°F). Grills also need to be preheated.

Ingredients

As a general rule, buy the best ingredients you can afford on the day. Prefer ‘whole’ products, such as wholemeal flour and brown rice, over more highly processed ones. Look at labels. A good rule of thumb is the fewer and simpler ingredients in the list the better: no preservatives, stabilisers, emulsifiers and so on, and nothing with an unpronounceable name!

Always wash vegetables before use. Leaves intended for a salad need to be dried after being washed, such as in a salad spinner, so excess water doesn’t spoil the final dish.

The recipes in this book are purposely low in sugar; I prefer to use brown rice syrup (from good wholefood shops) or maple syrup for sweetness. For seasoning I use sea salt and freshly ground black pepper, either coarse or fine.

For these recipes, use medium eggs (free-range, of course) unless otherwise stated.

Cheese and dairy

Cheese was traditionally made using rennet taken from the stomachs of slaughtered calves; some cheeses, such as Parmesan, Gorgonzola, most Gruyères and Roquefort, still are. However, for most cheeses there are vegetarian versions, made using rennet derived from plant sources. These include hard Italian cheeses, often in the economy ranges of supermarkets, which can easily replace Parmesan. Read the packets, or ask at the cheese counter for advice. Note that most bought pesto contains Parmesan and is therefore not vegetarian, but vegetarian and vegan versions are available. When buying soft cheeses and yoghurts, look out for the addition of gelatine in some; these, of course, are not vegetarian.

Flavourings

Worcestershire sauce and most Thai pastes contain fish paste; vegetarian versions are available. As always, it’s important to read the label. The soy sauce I use is Clearspring’s Japanese shoyu soy; according to the label, it’s ‘made to a traditional recipe using whole soya beans and aged in cedarwood kegs over two summers’. Soy sauces range in quality as much as wine. It can make a great difference to a dish, so buy the best.

Alcohol

Many alcoholic drinks on sale in pubs and on the high street have been made using animal products to clear them of cloudiness in a process called ‘fining’. Products used include gelatine, egg white, fish oil, and shells of lobsters and crabs. However, alternative finings are available and there are many wines and other alcoholic drinks that are vegetarian and vegan. Sometimes the labels will tell you this; otherwise, wine merchants and the internet are useful sources of information.

Vegan recipes

Many of the recipes in this book are naturally vegan and are labelled as such. Many more can easily be made vegan by the slight changes suggested below the recipe in ‘Make it vegan’.