Читать книгу Principles of Virology, Volume 2 - Jane Flint, S. Jane Flint - Страница 47

Some viruses are found only in specific geographical locations. The regional occurrence of viral infections may be due to the restriction of a vector or animal reservoir to a limited area. For example, most insect vectors are restricted to a specific region or ecosystem; unless this vector “escapes” its natural habitat, the viruses that it harbors will also be geographically constrained. Changes in migration routes or territory of a reservoir species may therefore influence the distribution of a virus and lead to new interactions with other species, increasing the risk of zoonotic transmission. A striking example of how a vector can change the location in which a virus is found is provided by the global spread of chikungunya virus (Box 1.9).