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Coumarins are generally found to be sedative and calming yet at the same time uplifting and refreshing. They are also noted for their anticoagulating properties, which makes them good hypotensives. See Figure 3.22.

FIGURE 3.22: Bergaptene, a coumarin

Furocoumarins, closely related to coumarins, are noted for their hazards in connection with sunbathing. They are photosensitizers and should not be used immediately before going into the sun or onto a sunbed (see chapter 6). Bergaptene, found in bergamot oil (not a terpene and sometimes spelt without the final ‘e’), is the best-known example.

Two hours after applying complete bergamot oil (see folded oils – chapter 2) suitably diluted in a carrier, there is no longer a great risk of adverse reactions due to the sun; by that time the oil is safely absorbed into the bloodstream.¹⁴