Читать книгу English for the first year students of mechanics-mathematics faculty - Шолпан Омарова - Страница 6

Grammar:

The usage of pronouns much, many, little, few, some, any, no.

The Future Simple Tense.

Exercise 1. Warm up: Eat at pleasure, drink with measure and enjoy life as it is.

Exercise 2. Topical Vocabulary:

1. meal – тамақ

2. food – тағам

3. breakfast – таңертеңгілік ас

4. dinner – түскі ас

5. supper – кешкі ас

6. bread – нан

7. bacon and eggs – жұмыртқа қосылған шошқа төсі

8. course – тағам

9. to serve – қызмет көрсету

10. meat – ет

11. grilled – отқа қуырылған ет

12. fish – балық

13. potato – картоп

14. baked – пешке пісірілген

15. variety – сан түрлі

16. pie – бәліш

17. sweet – тәтті

18. instead of – орнына

19. pudding – пудинг

20. cheese – сыр

21. biscuits – печенье

22. water – су

23. juice – шырын

24. tea – шай

25. sugar – қант

26. butter – сары май

27. cake – торт, тәтті нан

28. jam – варенье

29. soup – сорпа

30. coffee – кофе

31. mushroom – саңырауқұлақ

32. corn-flakes – жүгері жарғағы

33. to be hungry – қарны аш болу

34. to be thirsty – шөлдеу

35. cereal – ботқа

36. canteen – асхана

37. to have a snack – жүрек жалғау

38. tasty – дәмді

39. fruit – жеміс

40. vegetables – көкөніс

41. salt – тұз

42. although – солай болса да

43. beer – сыра

44. sausage – шұжық

45. menu – ас мәзірі

46. hor d’oeuvres – тіске басар, салқын тамақ

47. table d’hote – кезекші тағам

48. roasted – қуырылған

49. boiled – қайнатылған

50. rissole – котлет

51. to order – тапсырыс беру

Exercise 3. Pre-reading task:

1. Can you name some British dishes that are really good?

2. How many meals do the British usually have a day?

3. When do English people have the main meal of the day?

Exercise 4. Read the text «Traditional British Food» to find the correct answers to the questions above:

Although Britain has a bad reputation for food, there are some dishes that are good: meat pies, roast beef, Yorkshire pudding and a wide variety of cheeses.

Traditionally English people have three meals a day: breakfast, lunch and dinner. Breakfast is served in the morning: it used to be a large meal with cereal, eggs and bacon, sausages, mushrooms and grilled tomatoes, toast and marmalade and coffee or tea. Now people do not have the time to eat so much and they usually have a bowl of cereal (corn flakes or muesli), a piece of toast with butter and marmalade and a cup of coffee or tea.

Lunch (sometimes called dinner) has also become a light meal, often just a snack since today everyone is too busy to stop and have a large meal. At school, children have a two-course meal consisting of meat and vegetables followed by a pudding or fruit. Working people usually have a sandwich and a glass of fruit juice or a beer. In summer, many Londoners like to have their lunch outside in one of the many parks.

The main meal of the day is dinner (sometimes called tea or supper) and the British have it between 6 and 7 pm.

Traditional afternoon tea has become rare, although the British are ready for a cup of tea (a «cuppa») at any time of the day. At weekends, when they have visitors, tea is served at about 5 pm, with sandwiches, scones, cakes and, of course tea served with sugar and either milk or lemon.

Exercise 5. Find the English equivalents of the following words spell and transcribe them:

Екінші таңертеңгілік ас, ботқа, жүгері жарғағы, шошқа төсі, қатырма нан, мармелад, пудинг, жеміс шырыны, тиянақтап тамақтану, шұжық, мейіз қосылған тәтті нан.

Exercise 6. Say if the statements are true or false:

1. Britain has a very good reputation for food.

2. Britain is famous for its wide variety of cheese, meat pies and roast beef.

3. The British have 5 meals a day.

4. Nowadays breakfast is a large meal in the UK.

5. Lunch is also a large meal in Britain.

6. The main meal of the day is dinner.

7. Traditional tea is served in the morning.

Exercise 7. Change the sentences. Use the Future Simple Tense according to the model:

Model: My aunt often makes sweet pies.(tomorrow)

– My aunt will make sweet pies tomorrow.

Her husband seldom eats fruit for dessert. (next time)

Her son cooks very well. (tomorrow)

I always have a snack in this canteen. (next week)

We usually take table d’hote here. (next Monday)

My sister is busy in the evening. (next summer)

Exercise 8. Ask questions to the highlighted words:

1. Aiazhan will be busy next Thursday.

2. I shall ring you up tomorrow.

3. His sister will laugh at me.

4. The weather won’t change soon.

5. They will be back in a few minutes.

Exercise 9. Give short answers to the following questions:

Model: He will come tomorrow, won’t he? Yes, he will. (No, he won’t).

1. She will do it herself, won’t she? 2. The weather will be fine tomorrow, won’t it? 3. The days will get longer very soon, won’t they? 4. It will rain in the evening, won’t it? 5. Your parents will soon return from abroad, won’t they? 6. Soon she will become quite a beautiful girl, won’t she?

Exercise 10. Give short answers to the following questions:

Model: You will come very soon, won’t you? Yes, I shall. (No, I shan’t).

1. You will carry the box, won’t you? 2. You will like that fur, won’t you? 3. You will like fishing, won’t you? 4. You will listen to the nightingale, won’t you? 5. You will catch that butterfly for me, won’t you? 6. You will go to the skating-rink with me, won’t you?

Exercise 11. Complete the sentences with much, many, a lot of.

1. There isn't… international news in the local paper. 2. In the last twenty-four hours too … things happened. 3. There is too … sugar in my coffee. 4. Are there … students among your friends? 5. 1 don't have …patience with incompetence. 6. His work is well-paid but doesn't give him … satisfaction. 7. Martin spent… time in hospital last year. 8. You'll have to work at English as … as possible. 9. Does she have … spare time now? 10.1 haven't… time for study and that's why I have so … mistakes in my homework. 11. Please don't make so … noise. Father is working. 12. There isn't … furniture in the flat. 13. Have you got… work to do tonight? 14.1 have so …things to do that I don't know which to do first. 15.1 haven't met… of these people. 16. He didn't earn … money and lived in a small house. 17. How … of these books have you read? 18. There are too … things he can't explain. 19. There isn't… time to catch the train. 20. He didn't earn … money and couldn't rent a big flat. 21. How … does it cost? 22. The doctor has so … patients that he has to work at least 12 hours a day. 23. I think there's too … violence on television. 24. How … progress has your country made in improving the quality of medical care? 25.1 found … information in this book.

Exercise 12. Complete the sentences with little, few, a little, a few.

1. There was very … snow that winter. 2. When she sold her house she only took … furniture with her and … personal possessions. 3. Very … people know about it. 4. John has too much money and too … sense. 5. I'd like to ask you … questions. 6. He's got a lot of stamps in his collection but his brother has … 7. He worked hard but achieved … 8. He is not sociable. He has … friends. 9. I enjoy my life here. I have … friends and we have a lot of fun together. 10.1 saw Tom only … days ago. 11. There's been a shortage of water because there has been very … rain recently. 12. Pass me the jug please. There's … milk in my coffee. 13. She can ski… but she can't skate. 14.1 don't think he can afford it. He earns very … 15. There's no need to hurry. We still have … minutes left. 16. It was very cheap. It only cost… pounds. 17. I tried to help but there was … I could do. 18. He said very … practically nothing in fact. 19. He's not well-known… have heard of him. 20.1 can't decide now. I need … time to think it over. 21. He expected … people, but no one came. 22. … customers have come in and spent … money, but on the whole trade has been rather dull 23. The group have brought very… luggage, only … suitcases. but I'll need … help to carry them up the stairs, because some of them are heavy. 24. He is very successful even though he has very … education. 25. Jack is usually very helpful but he had … advice for us this time.

Self Study Work (SSW)

Exercise 1. Translate into English:

Көп нан, аз қара нан, көп адам, көп кафелер мен мейрамханалар, көп көкөніс, көп пияз, көп тоқаш, көп салат, көп жеміс, көп ботқа, мол жарық, мол сезім, мол бақыт, көп ақша, мол су, көп жұмыс.

Exercise 2. Make up sentences and translate it into Russian:

Exercise 3. Put in the suitable prepositions where necessary:

1. The English usually have four meals … a day.

2. Peter’s friends always have dinner … the evening.

3. The traditional English breakfast is a meal … bacon and eggs.

4. I’d like a bowl … porridge.

5. What do you have … breakfast?

6. My sister likes potatoes done … their jackets.

7. I have apple-pie … hot custard.

8. May I trouble you … the salt?

9. Lunch is served … one o’clock?

10. What shall we have … dessert?

Exercise 4. Complete the necessary word:

1. Moter gave me a cup of (carrot, milk).

2. Saule brought a pail of (cheese, potatoes).

3. Nurlan bought a box of (lamb, sweets) for his wife.

4. He put (sugar, salt) into the cabbage soup.

5. Do you like much (vinegar, sugar) in your tea?

6. Father always drinks coffee with (cream, pepper).

7. Will you pour me a plate of (juice, soup)?

8. I usually have fish with (honey, rice).

Exercise 5. Complete the following sentences:

1. We eat meat with…2. We eat soup with… 3. We drink milk from… 4. We eat fish with… 5. We put salad on…6. We drink tea with …7. We take coffee without…

Exercise 6. Put in some or any in the gaps and then act out this dialogue:

Asan: Let’s go for a picnic by the river tomorrow.

Samat: OK. We’ll make …sandwiches. What do we need?

A: We haven’t got … bread. Can you buy.....?

S: Yes, sure. What about butter?

A: We’ve got..... I’ll buy…cheese.

S: OK, and is there… orange juice in the fridge?

A: No, I’ll get......

S: Do we need… apples or cherries?

A: Just … apples.

S: Oh dear! I haven’t got … money to buy the bread.

A: Don’t worry. I’ll lend you .....

Exercise 7. Complete these sentences. Use some or any + a suitable noun:

1. Asem has gone to the bank to get some money.

2. Can I have ......... in my tea? I don’t like it black.

3. I want to light the barbecue but I haven’t got .............

1. Nurlan is not happy with his chemistry exam. He knows he made ........

2. Can I borrow ...........? I need to wash my hair.

3. Sorry, but everyone has to sit on the floor. We haven’t got ...... yet.

7. Can I have .........on my bread? I prefer strawberry jam if you have it.

8. I’ d like to know......about hotels in London, please.

9. There wasn’t ......... in my village last winter so we couldn’t go skiing.

Exercise 8. Write about Kazakh national food and dishes: