Читать книгу English for the first year students of mechanics-mathematics faculty - Шолпан Омарова - Страница 8

Grammar:

Real and Unreal Conditional Sentences.

Modal Verbs can, may, must, should, ought to

Exercise 1. Warm up: Discuss the following proverbs in group.

a) Health is above wealth

b) Early to bed and early to rise make a man healthy, wealthy and wise.

c) An apple a day keeps a doctor away.

Exercise 2. Topical Vocabulary

1. to allow – рұқсат ету

2. to be able – қолынан келу

3. blood – қан

4. chest – кеуде, төс

5. lung – өкпе

6. healthy – дені сау

7. to hurt – ауырту, ауыртып алу, жарақаттану

8. headache – бас ауруы

9. pressure – қысым

10. pulse – пульс

11. medicine – дәрі-дәрмек

12. pill – дәрі

13. prescription – рецепт, дәрі-дәрмек алатын қағаз

14. temperature – дене қызуы

15. X-ray – peнтген

16. to cough – жөтелу

17. to sneeze – түшкіру

18. illness – ауру

19. sore throat – тамақ ауруы, баспа

20. to fall ill – ауырып қалу

21. to recover – тәуір болу

22. patient – науқас

23. to breathe – дем алу

24. can – істей(жасай) алу

25. may – рұқсат

26. must – міндетті болу

27. ought to – міндетті болу

28. have to – амалсыздан істеу, істеуге тура келу

29. do sports = go in for sports – спортпен айналысу

30. to compete – жарысу

31. competition – жарыс, сайыс

32. rowing – есу

33. stadium – спорт кешені

34. boating – қайықпен жүзу,

35. sailing – желкенді спорт

35. skiing – шаңғы тебу

36. skating – коньки тебу

37. boxing – бокс

38. athletics – атлетика

39. rugby – рэгби

Exercise 3. Listen to the dialogue, then read it in pairs.

At the Doctor's.

Doctor: You may come in.

Patient: Thank you. (he coughs)

D: This cough sounds very bad. You have a sore throat, don't you?

P: No, I don't. I just sneeze and cough.

D: I think I should listen to your chest and to your lungs. Take off your shirt.

Breathe in deeply, that's all right…and once more, please. Sit down. I'm going to take your blood pressure.

P: Can I put my shirt on?

D: Certainly, you can. How long have you been coughing?

P: For about a week.

D: Did you take any medicine for it?

P: No, I didn't. I want you to prescribe me something effective for my illness.

D: Well, I need to take your temperature. It looks like influenza. So you ought to stay in bed not to contact other people. You must take these pills 3 times a day after meal. You should drink a lot of hot milk and keep yourself warm. If you follow all my recommendations, you will recover very soon.

P: Thank you, doctor. Good bye.

Exercise 4. Answer the questions

1. Why did the patient visit the doctor?

2. What did the doctor ask the patient to do?

3. Did the doctor listen to his chest and lung?

4. What else did he do?

5. What illness did the patient have?

6. Why did the patient have to stay in bed?

7. In what case will the patient recover soon?

Exercise 5. Translate the Real Conditional Sentences correctly.

l. If he has a headache he will take medicine for it.

2. As soon as she comes home they will take medicine for it.

3. I shall go in for tennis when I grow up.

4. If she knows the diagnosis she will go to the drugstore to buy some pills.

5. We shall not begin the game until you come.

Exercise 6. Open the brackets and put the verbs in the right form.

1. He (go) out when the weather gets warmer. 2. I shall wait for her until she (come) back from school. 3. If we don't work harder we (not pass) the examination. 4. They will write to us when they (know) our address. 5. If he doesn't take these pills, he (not recover) soon. 6. We shall have a picnic tomorrow if the weather (be) fine. 7. You (fall ill) if you don't exercise regularly.

Exercise 7. Change the sentences of ex. 6 into Unreal Conditional ones.

Example: 1. I would go out if the weather got warmer.

2. We would wait for her until she came back.

Exercise 8. Read and analyze the use of the modal verbs.

1. May I leave for a moment? Yes, you may.

2. Who can answer this question?

3. Nobody could do this work.

4. They ought to help their parents.

5. Must I take aspirin?