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DEDICATED TO THE MEMORY OF

ADAM SEDGWICK AND SIR RODERICK IMPEY MURCHISON,

Whose joint Labours carried

our Knowledge of the History of the Earth

two Stages farther back,

and whose Differences of Opinion served to render

more glorious their Victories.

Fig. 1. Diagram illustrating Folding of the Crust of the Earth.—(a) Undisturbed crust. (b) Primary depression and deposition. (c) Mountain-making folds with their relations to an upper and lower magma. Fig. 2. Result of folding, faulting, and denudation, as seen at Cascade Mountain, Western Canada (after McConnell, p. 33).