Читать книгу Nursing and Health Interventions - Souraya Sidani - Страница 46

The nature of the health problem also reflects the domain of health in which it is experienced. Actual or potential problems exhibit as alterations in any or combination of health domains: biological (e.g. bone fracture, muscle injury); physiological (e.g. high blood pressure or glucose levels); physical (e.g. difficulty walking); cognitive (e.g. difficulty remembering things); psychological/emotional (e.g. stress); behavioral (e.g. substance abuse); social (e.g. lack of social support network); cultural (e.g. proscribed practices); and spiritual (e.g. lost meaning in life).

The conceptualization of the problem as experienced in a particular or combination of health domains informs the general strategy underlying the intervention. The strategy should be consistent with the nature of the problem. For instance, conceptualizing insomnia as a cognitive problem (e.g. Harvey et al., 2017), or a behavioral problem (e.g. Bootzin & Epstein, 2011), or a combined cognitive and behavioral problem (e.g. Schwartz & Carney, 2012) suggests the need for a cognitive, behavioral, or cognitive‐behavioral approach, respectively, for its management. Interventions focusing only on education are not consistent with these conceptualizations of insomnia and, therefore, are likely to be ineffective in resolving this health problem.