Читать книгу Nursing and Health Interventions - Souraya Sidani - Страница 62

The theoretical approach to generate an understanding of the health problem is advantageous. Theories provide a generalizable conceptualization of the problem and its determinants (Foy et al., 2007). By transcending individual cases, middle range theories describe clearly the nature of the problem and identify its determinants or “root causes” (Davidoff et al., 2015). They provide explicit, logical explanations of why and how the determinants affect the problem directly or indirectly. Thus, theories prevent the danger of (1) mislabeling and vaguely defining health problems, (2) missing or omitting important determinants; and (3) misinterpreting associations (specifically bivariate ones that link the problem to one determinant) between the determinants and the problem, all of which have the potential to mislead the design of interventions. Middle range theories do not only explain the pathways linking the determinants to the problem, but also point to the context under which the problem is experienced and maintained, and the pathway is induced. Variations in the pathway across clients and contexts highlight the need to adapt or tailor the design of interventions. Briefly, theories are powerful tools to understand the health problem and to make informed decisions when designing interventions (e.g. Aráujo‐Soares et al., 2018; Bleijenberg et al., 2018; Medical Research Council, 2019).