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1 1. Jean-Pierre Barou, ‘Il aurait pu aussi bien m’arriver tout autre chose’, Libération, 26 June 1984, 4. Barou only specifies that the conversations were in late 1977 or early 1978.

2 2. David Macey, The Lives of Michel Foucault, London: Hutchinson, 1993, xix. Foucault appears as ‘Muzil’ in the autobiographical novel, Hervé Guibert, À l’ami qui ne m’a pas sauvé la vie, Paris: Gallimard, 1990; To the Friend who did not Save my Life, trans. Linda Coverdale, London: Quartet, 1991. On the manuscripts see, especially, chs. 10 and 13. See also Guibert, ‘Les Secrets d’un homme’, in Mauve le Vierge: Nouvelles, Paris: Gallimard, 1988, 103–11, 108.

3 3. Claude Mauriac, Les Temps accompli, Paris: Bernard Grasset, 1991, 43.

4 4. Michel Foucault, Les Aveux de la chair, ed. Frédéric Gros, Paris: Gallimard, 2018. See Stuart Elden, ‘Foucault’s Confessions of the Flesh’, Theory, Culture and Society, 35 (7–8), 2018, 293–311.

5 5. On working with this archive, see Samantha Saïdi, Jean-François Bert, Philippe Artières, ‘Archives d’un lecteur philosophe: Le traitement numérique des notes de lecture de Michel Foucault’, in Franz Fischer, Christiane Fritze, Georg Vogeler (eds), Kodikologie und Paläographie im digitalen Zeitalter 2, Norderstelt: BoD, 2010, 375–95; Philippe Artières, Jean-François Bert, Pascal Michon, Mathieu Potte-Bonneville and Judith Revel, ‘Dans l’atelier Foucault’, in Christian Jacob (ed.), Les Lieux de savoir 2: Les Mains de l’intellect, Paris: Albin Michel, 2011, 944–62; and Marie-Laure Massot, Arianna Sforzini, Vincent Ventresque, ‘Transcribing Foucault’s Handwriting with Transkribus’, Journal of Data Mining and Digital Humanities, 2019, https://jdmdh.episciences.org/5218

6 6. Stuart Elden, Foucault’s Last Decade, Cambridge: Polity, 2016; Foucault: The Birth of Power, Cambridge: Polity, 2017.

7 7. James Miller, The Passions of Michel Foucault, London: HarperCollins, 1993, 404 n. 82. For an earlier study of this period see José Luis Moreno Pestaña, En devenant Foucault: Sociogénèse d’un grande philosophe, trans. Philippe Hunt, Broissieux: Croquant, 2006. This was written without access to the posthumous publications or the archival material utilized in this book.

8 8. Claude Mauriac, Le Temps immobile 3: Et comme l’espérance est violente, Paris: Grasset, 1986 [1976], 341–2; Le Temps immobile 9: Mauriac et fils, Paris: Grasset, 1986, 291.

9 9. See Didier Eribon, Michel Foucault, Paris: Flammarion, 3rd edn, 2011, 95–8; Michel Foucault, trans. Betsy Wing, London: Faber, 1991, 54–6 (hereafter French and English are cited separated by /); Macey, The Lives of Michel Foucault, 41–2. Eribon’s third edition is updated; the English translation is of the first edition. I will occasionally make reference to the first and second French editions.

10 10. C 18/18; Eribon, Michel Foucault, 98/55–6.

11 11. Philippe Artières, ‘Un Frère: Entretien avec Denys Foucault’, CH 35; Artières et al., LMD 8/vii.

12 12. Paul Foucault, Titres et travaux scientifiques, Poitiers: Imprimerie du Poitou, 1926.

13 13. DE#20 I, 293–325; EW II 103–22; Folie, Langage, Littérature, ed. Henri-Paul Fruchaud, Daniele Lorenzini and Judith Revel, Paris: Vrin, 2019, 265–86, 287–304.

14 14. These texts mainly appear in DE I, with some translated in EW II. See also DL, Folie, Langage, Littérature, and LMD. They will be fully discussed in The Archaeology of Foucault.

15 15. See Elden, Foucault’s Last Decade, 114.

16 16. Eribon, Michel Foucault, 73/40; see Macey, The Lives of Michel Foucault, 49.

17 17. Artières et al. ‘Dans l’atelier Foucault’, 954.

18 18. The Bastille archives were used for a project envisioned from the late 1950s, but not finally published until 1982. Arlette Farge and Michel Foucault, Le Désordre des familles: Lettres de cachet des Archives de la Bastille au XVIIIe siècle, Paris: Julliard/Gallimard, 1982; Disorderly Families: Infamous Letters from the Bastille Archives, ed. Nancy Luxon, trans. Thomas Scott-Railton, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2017. See Elden, Foucault’s Last Decade, 192–4; and Nancy Luxon (ed.), Archives of Infamy: Foucault on State Power in the Lives of Ordinary Citizens, Minnesota: University of Minnesota Press, 2019.

19 19. See Elden, Foucault’s Last Decade, 207–8.