Читать книгу The 2009 CIA World Factbook - United States. Central Intelligence Agency - Страница 64

Flag description:

three equal vertical bands of black (hoist side), red, and green, with the national emblem in white centered on the red band and slightly overlapping the other two bands; the center of the emblem features a mosque with pulpit and flags on either side, below the mosque are numerals for the solar year 1298 (1919 in the Gregorian calendar, the year of Afghan independence from the UK); this central image is circled by a border consisting of sheaves of wheat on the left and right, in the upper-center is an Arabic inscription of the Shahada (Muslim creed) below which are rays of the rising sun over the Takbir (Arabic expression meaning "God is great"), and at bottom center is a scroll bearing the name Afghanistan

Economy ::Afghanistan

Economy - overview:

Afghanistan's economy is recovering from decades of conflict. The economy has improved significantly since the fall of the Taliban regime in 2001 largely because of the infusion of international assistance, the recovery of the agricultural sector, and service sector growth. Real GDP growth fell from the 10% level in 2006–07 to a little more than 3% in 2008. Despite the progress of the past few years, Afghanistan is extremely poor, landlocked, and highly dependent on foreign aid, agriculture, and trade with neighboring countries. Much of the population continues to suffer from shortages of housing, clean water, electricity, medical care, and jobs. Criminality, insecurity, and the Afghan Government's inability to extend rule of law to all parts of the country pose challenges to future economic growth. It will probably take the remainder of the decade and continuing donor aid and attention to significantly raise Afghanistan's living standards from its current level, among the lowest in the world. International pledges made by more than 60 countries and international financial institutions at the Berlin Donors Conference for Afghan reconstruction in March 2004 reached $8.9 billion for 2004–09. While the international community remains committed to Afghanistan's development, pledging over $57 billion at three donors' conferences since 2002, Kabul will need to overcome a number of challenges. Expanding poppy cultivation and a growing opium trade generate roughly $3 billion in illicit economic activity and looms as one of Kabul's most serious policy concerns. Other long-term challenges include: budget sustainability, job creation, corruption, government capacity, and rebuilding war torn infrastructure.

GDP (purchasing power parity):

$22.32 billion (2008 est.) country comparison to the world: 116 $21.58 billion (2007 est.)

$19.25 billion (2006 est.)

note: data are in 2008 US dollars

GDP (official exchange rate):

$11.71 billion (2008 est.)

GDP - real growth rate:

3.4% (2008 est.) country comparison to the world: 112 12.1% (2007 est.)

8.2% (2006 est.)

GDP - per capita (PPP):

$800 (2008 est.) country comparison to the world: 219 $800 (2007 est.)

$700 (2006 est.)

note: data are in 2008 US dollars

GDP - composition by sector:

agriculture: 31%

industry: 26%

services: 43%

note: data exclude opium production (2008 est.)

Labor force:

15 million (2004 est.) country comparison to the world: 38

Labor force - by occupation:

agriculture: 80%

industry: 10%

services: 10% (2004 est.)

Unemployment rate:

40% (2008 est.) country comparison to the world: 185 40% (2005 est.)

Population below poverty line:

53% (2003)

Household income or consumption by percentage share:

lowest 10%: NA%

highest 10%: NA%

Budget:

revenues: $890 million

expenditures: $2.7 billion

note: Afghanistan has also received $2.6 billion from the Reconstruction Trust Fund and $63 million from the Law and Order Trust Fund (2007 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices):

13% (2007 est.) country comparison to the world: 180

Commercial bank prime lending rate:

14.92% (31 December 2008) country comparison to the world: 23 18.14% (31 December 2007)

Stock of money:

$1.688 billion (31 December 2008) country comparison to the world: 73 $1.426 billion (31 December 2007)

Stock of quasi money:

$1.219 billion (31 December 2008) country comparison to the world: 92 $958.6 million (31 December 2007)

Stock of domestic credit:

$363.6 million (31 December 2008) country comparison to the world: 119 $12.04 million (31 December 2007)

Market value of publicly traded shares: