Читать книгу Motorcycle, Solo (Harley-Davidson Model WLA) - United States. War Department - Страница 21
Оглавление19. INTRODUCTION.
a. Lubrication is an essential part of preventive maintenance, determining to a great extent serviceability of parts and assemblies.
20. LUBRICATION GUIDE (fig. 10).
a. General. Lubrication instructions for this materiel are consolidated in a Lubrication Guide (fig. 10). These specify the points to be lubricated, the periods of lubrication, and the lubricant to be used. Intervals indicated on the guide are for normal service. For extreme conditions, high speed, heat, mud, snow, rough roads, dust, etc., change engine oil and lubricate more frequently. In addition to the items on the guide, brake, gear shifter, clutch control linkage, and hinges must be lubricated at frequent intervals.
b. Supplies. In the field it may not be possible to supply a complete assortment of lubricants called for by the Lubrication Guide to meet the recommendations. It will be necessary to make the best use of those available, subject to inspection by the officer concerned, in consultation with responsible ordnance personnel.
c. Lubrication Notes. The following notes apply to the Lubrication Guide (fig. 10). All note references in the guide itself are to the steps below having the corresponding number:
(1) Brake Fittings. Exercise caution when lubricating brake operating cams and front brake cover bushing, as excess grease working out of these bearings is likely to get onto brake lining, reducing brake efficiency. CAUTION: When using air‐operated grease gun, make sure not to overlubricate brake fittings.
(2) Brake Hand Lever Oilcan Points. Oil hand lever fittings and “oiler” mounted on cable housing. Oil front brake control cable at ends of control cable housing.
(3) Generator Commutator End Bearing. Hand‐pack with general purpose grease, No. 2, at temperatures above zero. Below zero, use lighter grease. This operation requires removal of generator end cover. Bearing outer grease retainer must be loosened and swung aside for access to bearing. If not convenient to grease bearing at specified intervals, at least lubricate with a few drops of engine oil applied to hole in outer grease retainer. Do not overlubricate. CAUTION: Generator regulating brush plate must not be shifted while bearing outer grease retainer is loose (par. 92). Generator drive end bearing requires no attention, since it is lubricated by oil circulating through engine.
| —— KEY —— | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| INTERVALS | ||||||
| LUBRICANTS | ¼ | — | 250 MILES | |||
| OE | — | OIL, ENGINE (CRANKCASE GRADE) | ½ | — | 500 MILES | |
| CG | — | GREASE, GENERAL PURPOSE | 1 | — | 1000 MILES | |
| No. 1 (ABOVE +32°) | 6 | — | 6000 MILES | |||
| No. 1 OR No. 0 (+32° TO +10°) | * L | — | SPECIAL LUBRICATION | |||
| No. 0 (BELOW +10°) | CHECK DAILY | |||||
| WB | — | GREASE, GENERAL PURPOSE (No. 2) | Air Cleaner | |||
| Engine Oil Tank |
| TABLE OF CAPACITIES WITH RECOMMENDATIONS AT TEMPERATURES SHOWN | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| UNIT | CAPACITY | ABOVE +32° | +32° TO +10° | BELOW +10° |
| OIL TANK | 1 GALLON | OE S.A.E. 50 | OE S.A.E. 30 | OE S.A.E. 10 |
| TRANSMISSION | ¾ pint | OE S.A.E. 50 | OE S.A.E. 30 | OE S.A.E. 10 |
RA PD 310207
Figure 10—Lubrication Guide
(4) Spark and Throttle Control Grips. These grips require disassembly. Twice a year, or whenever grips do not turn freely, indicating need of lubrication, remove grips, clean parts, apply grease, and reassemble (par. 101).
(5) Air Cleaner. Examine oil cup daily for excessive dirt and correct oil level. Under extremely dusty or sandy conditions it may be necessary to clean and refill the air cleaner more than once daily. Refill oil cup to indicated level with engine oil. Drain, clean, and refill oil cup every 250 miles, depending upon operating conditions. Every 1,000 miles (oftener if necessary), remove air cleaner filter units, wash in dry‐cleaning solvent, lubricate, and reassemble (par. 76). NOTE: Early type round cleaner did not have removable filter element. Complete cleaner must be removed to wash element.
(6) Wheel Bearings. When wheel hubs are lubricated at regular 500‐mile interval, 1⁄8 ounce of grease with each greasing is sufficient. This amounts to about 15 shots of the standard 1‐pound air gun, or four strokes with a 1‐pound, hand‐operated gun. If vehicle has been operated in water, wheel hubs submerged, apply hub greasing service immediately afterward (or soon as situation permits). Do not overlubricate wheel hub bearings, as excess grease may work into brake linings, reducing brake efficiency. When using air‐operated grease gun, it is easy to overlubricate wheel hub bearings.
(7) Steering Head Bearings. Every 50,000 miles, repack upper and lower bearings, or whenever there is occasion to remove rigid fork for repair or replacement (par. 98).
(8) Tank, Engine Oil. Oil tank is located on right side of motorcycle. Empty tank holds 1 U. S. gallon. Check daily and add engine oil as necessary to refill tank within 1 inch of top. Oil level gage rod (dip stick) is located directly below tank cap. When oil level is down to “REFILL” mark on gage rod, 2 U. S. quarts may be added. Drain oil tank every 1,000 miles and refill with fresh engine oil. Drain plug located on underside of tank in forward position. In extremely dusty service, and in winter weather, change oil oftener.
(a) Winter Caution. Water is a by‐product of combustion in any internal combustion engine. In a condensed state, the water vapor formed would equal approximately the quantity of gasoline burned. Some of this water vapor escapes past the rings into the crankcase. When starting and warming up in cold weather, considerable vapor getting into crankcase condenses to water before crankcase is hot enough to exhaust the vapor, without inside condensation, through outside breather. If engine is driven enough to get crankcase thoroughly warmed up frequently, most of this water is again vaporized and blown out through outside breather. However, a moderately driven engine, making only short runs now and then, and seldom thoroughly warmed up, is likely to accumulate an increasing amount of water in oil tank. This water will, in freezing weather, become slush or ice and, if allowed to accumulate too long, may block oil lines with resulting damage to engine. Also, water mixed with oil for some time, forms a heavy sludge of considerable acid content that is very harmful to bearings and other internal engine parts. To sum it up briefly, an engine that is used only for short runs during freezing weather requires frequent oil changes along with thorough flushing of tank to remove any accumulated sludge.
(9) Transmission Filler Opening. Check oil level in transmission case every 250 miles and add engine oil as necessary to bring level up to filler opening. If motorcycle is run unusually long distances, inspect more frequently. Motorcycle must be on rear stand in straight upright position when checking oil level or filling transmission case. Use same grade of oil used in engine, summer, and winter. If gear shifting difficulty is caused by oil congealing in extremely cold weather, thin oil with small amount of kerosene or dry‐cleaning solvent. Every 1,000 miles, drain and refill transmission to level of transmission filler plug opening with specified grade of engine oil. Transmission holds ¾ pint of oil. To drain transmission case remove filler plug and lay motorcycle on right side. CAUTION: Do not leave motorcycle on side longer than two minutes.
(10) Drive Chains.
(a) Front and rear drive chains are automatically supplied with lubrication by engine oil pumps. Chain oilers are adjustable and may need occasional readjustment to meet lubrication requirements of varied operating conditions. Every 1,000 miles (or more often if operating conditions are extremely severe) inspect front primary drive chain for adequate lubrication (fig. 36).
(b) At every 1,000‐mile period rear drive chain should have additional lubrication as follows: Remove chain, wash thoroughly in dry‐cleaning solvent and hang it up to dry. Then soak chain in SAE 10 engine oil for a short period of time to allow oil to penetrate into all chain bearings. Drain chain and wipe off excess oil. Install rear chain (par. 63). (This attention is not required by front chain.) Readjustment of chain oilers must be made only by organization mechanic (par. 61). CAUTION: Inspect frequently and make sure that rear chain oiler supply pipe is clear, not bent or damaged.
d. Before Applying Lubricant. Always wipe dirt from the lubrication fittings or plugs so that dirt will not enter with the lubricant. Lubricate all chassis points after washing vehicle or after vehicle has been operated in streams or extremely muddy or slushy roads. CAUTION: It is extremely important that high‐pressure cleaning streams or steam should not be directed against ends of wheel hubs, brake side cover bearings, air cleaner, handle bar grips, or electrical system. To do so will seriously affect correct lubrication and functioning of these parts.
e. Oilcan Points. All brake, transmission, and clutch control points not fitted with grease connections should be lubricated with engine oil. Front brake control cable, spark, and throttle control wires must be oiled at the ends of their respective housings, especially after washing vehicle, or after operating it in wet weather. Keep battery terminal felt washers saturated with engine oil to prevent corrosion of connections.
f. Warning Light. Action of the engine oil feed pump is indicated by red signal light in instrument panel. Rider must be thoroughly familiar with operating characteristics of this signal light, to judge condition of engine oil circulating system (par. 7 f).
