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Hand Tools

The backbone of minimalist

woodworking is hand tools. Over

the next few pages I take you

through the essential tools that you

should start with. By no means do

these tools need to be all brand-

new. There are many options for

the fledgling woodworker from

vintage tools to freshly minted

tools from a modern tool maker. I

use a combination of old and new

tools. When well-tuned, both work

just fine. For each of the following

sections I lay out what is essential

but also include tools that are nice

to have. Let’s take a look at what

goes into a basic minimalist tool kit.

PLANES

Planes are the work horses in

the minimalist shop. They are

responsible for important tasks like

flattening, smoothing, and cutting

joinery. The basic planes can be

broken up into a couple of different

categories: bench planes and

joinery planes.

Bench Planes

Bench planes are mainly used for

flattening and dimensioning stock,

and preparing surfaces for finish.

Jack Plane

The most useful size of bench

plane is known as the #5 or jack

plane. As the name suggests, this

Jack-of-all-trades is suited for many

tasks. If you’re just starting out, this

is the plane to start with. A jack

plane is long enough to flatten

most stock yet not too long to use

as a smoother. It is also the perfect

size for using on its side with a

shooting board to trim the

end-grain of boards.

FLATTENING & SMOOTHING—

WHAT’S THE DIFFERENCE?

At first blush flattening and smoothing may appear

to be the same thing. The difference really has to

do with the quality of the surface. Flattening means

that you are getting a surface flat and aren’t overly

concerned about the quality of the surface itself.

Once you have one flat face, you can move on to

thicknessing or squaring an edge. However, just

because a surface is flat doesn’t mean that it is

ready for finish. This is where smoothing comes in.

Smoothing is what you do to get surfaces ready for

finishing. In power tool terms, smoothing is what

you would do with a random orbital sander, just

without the dust, noise, and a numb hand.

Jack Plane