Читать книгу History of China - Vitaly Novikov - Страница 4

Yu Wang heir Yu Wang Pin Wang with his aristocracy fled то the East and settled in the town of LOI. Pin van rules from 770 to 720 BC Since his reign began the civilization of the Eastern Zhou.

At that time the growth of the productive forced associated with the spread of making different tools and weapons from iron. Metal money appeared.

The trade was developing. A class of merchants had increased. They begin to play a significant role in a society. The lands, belonged to the genera, belong to families now. Often the lands pass into the possession of the new slave-owning: aristocracy, dignitaries, military commanders, merchants. The land is sold.

The period of the Eastern Zhou was very restless because of the constant wars. The United State did not exist. The power concentrated in the hands of influential families, who passed their positions by inheritance. The country was divided into large kingdoms, medium and small principalities. The most powerful were five kingdoms of Qin, Jin, Qi, Chu and Song. They are called in China U BA – five hegemons or five despots. Chu was located in the middle reaches of the river Yangtze. The Chu capital was a city Ying (modern Hubei province). In 7—6 centuries BC it was the largest Chinese Empire. Qi was located in the Eastern part of the Eastern Zhou. The capital of Qi was the city of Lintz (modern Shandong province). Sometime Qi was the richest among the other Chinese States. Often Qi and Chu fought with each other. In the West of the Eastern Zhou was the Kingdom of Qin. Qin fought with the nomadic tribes. Qin formed an alliance with the Kingdom of Jin. The capital of Jin was Jiang (modern Shanxi province). Jin hegemony was from 632 in 546 BC. In the South-East of the Eastern Zhou located in the Kingdom of Wu with its capital Wu (present-day Jiangsu province). Wu have intensified during the reign of Show-man. A hundred years Wu had fought against Chu. Ten years Wu had been kept under his rule the capital of Chu Ying.