Читать книгу Abnormal Psychology - William J. Ray - Страница 181

The ICD, currently used in over 100 countries worldwide to classify disorders, has an interesting history. It began with the intent of identifying causes of death.

One of the factors that helped create the initial DSM was the search for consistency in diagnosis across clinicians throughout the country. Here, in the 1940s, an asylum committee assesses a patient’s mental health.

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Based on earlier attempts, a system for recording the cause of death was developed by the French statistician Jacques Bertillon in the late 1800s. This came to be known as the International List of Causes of Death. In 1898, the American Public Health Association suggested that the United States, Canada, and Mexico use this system and support its revision every 10 years. In 1948, the World Health Organization took over the ICD. The WHO collected health-related data worldwide. The sixth edition of the ICD published in 1949 included a section related to mental disorders. Currently, the ICD includes two sections, one for medical disorders and the other for mental and behavioral disorders. Because of the ICD inclusion of medical disorders, it is used for Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) purposes such as insurance in the United States.

ICD-10 is currently in use but is being updated for the eleventh edition in 2018. Mental disorders in the ICD-10 are more of a short narrative describing the condition, rather than specific criteria as seen in the DSM–5.