Читать книгу The Behavior of Animals - Группа авторов - Страница 5

1 Chapter 2Figure 2.1 (A) The “reflection experiment.”...Figure 2.2 Looking into a “black-box”:...Figure 2.3 Configurational features in sign-stimuli....Figure 2.4 The prey (a, c) vs. threat (b, d) configuration...Figure 2.5 (a) Common toad displaying anti-predator behavior...Figure 2.6 Male silk moth in alerted position, with combed...Figure 2.7 Principles of scent detection in moths by...Figure 2.8 Prey-feature analysis in common toads....Figure 2.9 Neuroimaging toad’s visual system...Figure 2.10 “Window hypothesis” of...Figure 2.11 Visual processing streams in the...

2 Chapter 3Figure 3.1 Conception of behavior systems. Stimuli from the...Figure 3.2 Lorenz’ model of motivation. The tap (T)...Figure 3.3 Results of an experiment on guppy courtship.,...Figure 3.4 Courtship and mating behavior of the...Figure 3.5 Genetically featherless chicks...Figure 3.6 Upright postures of the herring gull:...Figure 3.7 “Waltzing” in a male...Figure 3.8 Facial expressions of fear and aggression...

3 Chapter 4Figure 4.1 Rest-activity records from...Figure 4.2 (A) Daily rhythm of core body...Figure 4.3 Plasticity of rest–activity...Figure 4.4 A phase-response curve (PRC)...Figure 4.5 The rat brain and some areas...Figure 4.6 The molecular basis of...

4 Chapter 5Figure 5.1 The facial ruff of the barn owl...Figure 5.2 Acoustic measurements taken from microphones...Figure 5.3 (a) Auditory neurons and neurons in the...Figure 5.4 Electron micrograph of the head...Figure 5.5 (a) The brain of the honeybee...Figure 5.6 (a) Schematic sagittal view of the...Figure 5.7 Juvenile zebra finch males were injected at...

5 Chapter 6Figure 6.1 Simplified metabolic pathway...Figure 6.2 Schematic view of the endocrine...Figure 6.3 Schematic model illustrating how a...Figure 6.4 Reciprocal interactions between...Figure 6.5 Schematic representation of the...

6 Chapter 7Figure 7.1 “Epigenetic landscape”...Figure 7.2 Schematic illustration of two...Figure 7.3 Zebra finch (left) and...Figure 7.4 Stages in song development in...Figure 7.5 Three ways in which experience,...Figure 7.6 Mean preference scores...Figure 7.7 Schematic drawings of the...

7 Chapter 8Figure 8.1 (a) Associative connections in...Figure 8.2 (a) A typical color-based...Figure 8.3 A serial position curve...Figure 8.4 An experiment on chunking in...Figure 8.5 A schematic of the experiment...Figure 8.6 The effect of electroconvulsive...

8 Chapter 9Figure 9.1 (a) Ammophiia sabulosa,...Figure 9.2 Greylag goose retrieving an egg. (a)...Figure 9.3 Supernormal stimulus. Herring gull...Figure 9.4 (a) Computational framework for the...Figure 9.5 The lifetime of an engram. The formation...Figure 9.6 Observational learning in doves...Figure 9.7 Bumblebee using a string to...Figure 9.8 Young capuchin monkey using a stick to...Figure 9.9 (a) Female Portia fimbriata...Figure 9.10 Neural encoding of regret in...

9 Chapter 10Figure 10.1 A dog in the Australian...Figure 10.2 A moose (Alces alces)...Figure 10.3 A serval (Felis serval)...Figure 10.4 The price that caged American mink...Figure 10.5 Calf demand for two types of...Figure 10.6 Facial expressions of a newborn...Figure 10.7 Cognitive bias in dairy calves...

10 Chapter 11Figure 11.1 The power expressed as multiples...Figure 11.2 The results of Krebs et...Figure 11.3 Results of Giraldeau and Kramer...Figure 11.4 Red knots (Calidris canutus)...Figure 11.5 The payoff functions of the...Figure 11.6 The value of two habitats...Figure 11.7 The university ducks experiment...

11 Chapter 12Figure 12.1 Mating system described as a...Figure 12.2 Polygyny threshold model with...Figure 12.3 Male mating success in...Figure 12.4 Egg survival (%) in relation to...Figure 12.5 Survival rate of male barn...Figure 12.6 Sex ratio of zebra...

12 Chapter 13Figure 13.1 Representation of personality...Figure 13.2 Illustration of the distribution...Figure 13.3 The broccoli model of...Figure 13.4 A) Fitness increases with...Figure 13.5 The relative importance...

13 Chapter 14Figure 14.1 Non-informational and...Figure 14.2 A taxonomy in which signals...Figure 14.3 Representative flight paths...Figure 14.4 A graphical version of the handicap mechanism...Figure 14.5 A graphical version of a differential benefits model...Figure 14.6 Spectrograms of three...

14 Chapter 15Figure 15.1 (left) Darwin predicted that...Figure 15.2 In the hypothetical phylogeny...Figure 15.3 Mean body hue of males and...Figure 15.4 (top) The dose-dependent...Figure 15.5 (left) (a) Several ecological (beak depth...Figure 15.6 (A) The relationship between two...Figure 15.7 (top) Weber’s Law predicts...

15 Chapter 16Figure 16.1 Graphic representation of encephalization...Figure 16.2 Reconstruction by the paleoartist Jay...Figure 16.3 Side views of the toothrows of (from top to bottom):...Figure 16.4 Highly approximate tentative genealogical...Figure 16.5 Diorama at the American Museum of...Figure 16.6 The “Nariokotome Boy“...Figure 16.7 Two Acheulean implements from the type...Figure 16.8 Three-quarter view of the most...Figure 16.9 Reconstruction of the largest of the...Figure 16.10 Comparison between a reconstructed...Figure 16.11 The best preserved of the small...Figure 16.12 Monochrome rendering of a...

16 Chapter 17Figure 17.1 Charles Darwin (from Wikimedia Commons)...Figure 17.2 Frontispiece of Thomas...Figure 17.3 John B. Watson (from Wikimedia Commons)...Figure 17.4 Field studies have shown that...Figure 17.5 Sarah Hrdy (courtesy of Dan Hrdy)...Figure 17.6 The human archaeological record...Figure 17.7 A) In most mammals, the individuals...Figure 17.8 In an experimental study, the...Figure 17.9 Capuchin monkeys...