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The Behavior of Animals
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the behavior of animals
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Contents
List of Illustrations
List of Tables
Guide
Pages
contributors
foreword
preface
1 the study of animal behavior
INTRODUCTION
A Brief History of Behavioral Biology Early days
Lorenz and Tinbergen
Ethology and comparative psychology
Behaviorism
Cognitive psychology
Four Questions in the Study of Animal Behavior
Trends in the Study of Animal Behavior Behavioral ecology: from mechanism to function
Neuroethology and cognitive neuroscience
Cognitive ecology and neuroecology
Animal welfare and human nature
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
FURTHER READING
REFERENCES
2 stimulus perception
INTRODUCTION
Stimulus Reception
Receptor cells provide organisms with information on their own sensory worlds
Sign Stimuli Stimulus perception in male sticklebacks
Principle of configurational sign-stimuli: picking out visual key features
Static and dynamic configurations
Are there comparable signs with threatening stimuli across species?
Configurational Stimuli in Human Perception
The Relational/Combinatorial Principle of Sign-stimuli from Other Sensory Modalities
From Stimulus Summation to Supernormal Stimuli Heterogeneous summation
Supernormal stimulus
Behavioral Ways of Stimulus Selection Stimulus-specific habituation implies stimulus discrimination
Search images facilitate stimulus recognition
The behavioral meaning of stimuli can depend on motivation
Analyzing Neural Processes that Underlie Perception of Sign-stimuli
The classical concept of innate releasing mechanism
Toward neuronal correlates of releasing systems
Scent-coding by specialized receptor cells in insects
Visual feature detection in amphibians: a multimethodological analysis
Toward a features-relating-algorithm as a principle in configurational perceptio
n
What does the eye tell its brain?
In search of brain structures involved in feature detection
Configurational object perception involves parallel processing streams and their interaction
The size constancy phenomenon
Visuomotor access
Modification of species-specific feature detection by learning
Sensorimotor codes
Modeling toad’s visual pattern recognition
Visual Perception in Primate Cortex: Dedicated, Modifiable, Crossmodal, and Multifunctional Properties in Concert
Ventral processing stream answering “what”
Dorsal processing stream answering “where”
Selective attention: what an individual does not like to see, it may not see
Does imagination reactivate processes involved in visual perception?
Sensory maps shrink or expand depending on supply and demand
Universal potential of neural networks allows sensory substitution
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
FURTHER READING Textbooks
Movies
REFERENCES
3 motivation and emotion
INTRODUCTION
Behavior Systems
Some Motivational Issues
The concept of motivational energy
External versus internal causal factors
Specific versus general effects of causal factors
Central versus peripheral locus of action
Causal Factors
Stimuli
Hormones and other substances
Intrinsic neural factors
Interactions among Behavior Systems
Inhibition and Intention Movements
Ambivalence
Redirection
Displacement
Mechanisms of Behavioral Change
Human Emotion
Nonhuman Emotion
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
FURTHER READING
REFERENCES
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