Читать книгу Successful Training in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - Группа авторов - Страница 99

Options available for stricture dilation include tungsten‐weighted dilators that do not require endoscopy or sedation, wire‐guided bougie dilation, or TTS balloon dilators, the latter of which allow for dilation under direct endoscopic visualization [21]. The TTS balloon dilators are 3.0–8.0 cm in length and range from 6.0 to 20.0 mm in diameter. Under direct visualization, the soft tip of the balloon dilator is advanced gently past the stricture and the balloon is inflated. For complex strictures, fluoroscopy is useful to delineate anatomy and confirm that the tip of the balloon is in the lumen beyond the stricture. Dilation carries a significant perforation risk of approximately 1–2%, and it is common to dilate strictures gradually over a period of days to weeks [22].