Читать книгу Perovskite Materials for Energy and Environmental Applications - Группа авторов - Страница 43

The most distinct property of the PSC technology is their high open circuit voltage, which is the maximum voltage that a solar cell can generate [1]. As from Figure 2.8, we can observe that the best PSC has open circuit voltage greater than 1.1V. The loss-in-potential is around 450 meV, which is quite low. There is energy loss of 250 to 300 meV due to thermodynamic constraints, depending on the bandgap) [34].

Figure 2.8 Open-circuit voltage (Voc) versus optical band gap (Eg). Reprinted with permission from [1]. Copyright {2013} American Chemical Society.

Every data related to GaAs, Si, CIGS, CdTe, nanocrystalline Si (nc-Si), amorphous Si (a-Si), copper zinc tin sulfide/selenide (CZTSSe), organic photovoltaics (OPVs), and DSSCs were provided by the solar cell efficiency tables of Green et al. [35].

CdTe solar cell was the most successful solar cell commercially till 2015 with 19.6% efficiency with losses of approximately 0.59eV. The basic losses of CdTe solar cells are high as compared with perovskites cells [35]. The recombination rate (nonradiative) in perovskite absorber material is lower than polycrystalline film semiconductor [32]. High output voltage is one of the important factors which is responsible for high power conversion efficiency. We know that perovskite is placed in a very good position compared with the other materials for making solar cells. Voltage at maximum power point (V_mpp) is to be considered as the most relevant voltage for considering maximum efficiency [36]. Because of the manufacturing defects, there is high series resistance, which greatly affects the V_mpp. On optimization of solar cells the V_mpp will improve significantly [1].