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Stainless steel TPA cantilever combination

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A stainless steel 0.016 in. torsion spring can be welded to a stainless steel TPA (Figure 3.3c–e). These cantilevers can easily produce force vectors, which may be difficult to generate by other means [2].

It is emphasized that the cantilever should not be ligated directly into a canine bracket, but tied to the eyelet/bracket/ligature wire on the canine to create a one‐point contact. A rigid continuous canine bypass archwire will minimize undesirable side effects by distributing them to a larger number of teeth. Nevertheless, a flattening of the posterior occlusal plane resulting from the forward tip moment on the first molar should be monitored at every appointment and adjusted as necessary.

When using light forces of the order of 25–35 cN, adverse effects should not occur.

Orthodontic Treatment of Impacted Teeth

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