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As a starting point, let us list key variables for the diversity of mediation practices:

 Time: Mediation can be preventive, post‐conflict, or even post‐litigation (for example, to support the implementation of the judge's decision in family or criminal matters – also called post‐sentencing).

 Areas: This refers to areas where the existence of mediation is identified and named, from family to schools, from neighborhood to work, from corporate to environmental or international.

 Objectives: Relational, facilitative, restorative, and curative. There are even decision‐making objectives that move away from the creation of agreements by the parties themselves, in order, above all, to reach a decision: evaluative mediation (with the objective of evaluation in the light of the law; Fruchter 2019) and mediation‐arbitration, or “Med‐Arb” (Baril and Dickey 2014; Bickerman 2018), where it is expected that mediators will become arbitrators or pass the case to arbitrators, thus ensuring a certainty of settlement, accepted in advance by the parties.

 Number of actors: Personal or collective (team, large group, country).Without claiming to be exhaustive, this section will review who may be involved in mediating, as well as where and how these mediators operate. Three main categories stand out: informal, ad hoc, and institutional mediators.