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2. Prefixation Ability Index (PAI) allows us to see whether two languages can potentially be genetically related
2.1.1. PAI method background
ОглавлениеA. P. Volodin pointed on the fact that all languages can be subdivided into two sets by the parameter of presence/absence of prefixation: one group has prefixation and the other has not (Volodin 1997: 9).
The first set was conventionally named set of “American type” linear model of word form7.
According to Volodin American type linear model of word form is the following:
(p) + (r) + R + (s).
The second one was conventionally named set of “Altaiс type” linear model of word form8.
According to Volodin it is the following:
(r) + R + (s)
(p – prefix, s – suffix, R – main root, r – incorporated root; brackets mean that corresponding element can be absent or can be represented several times inside a particular form).
Volodin supposed that there was a border between two sets and that languages belonging to the same set demonstrate certain structural similarities. Also he supposed that typological similarities could probably tell us something about possible routes of ethnic migrations.
7
This type of linear model of word form is named “American type” since it has been described mainly on the material of Native American languages (especially of North America)
8
This type of linear model of word form is named “Altaiс type” since this linear model has been described mainly on the material of languages of so called Altaic stock.
