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A literature review was carried out using a search strategy identified by the editor and a midwife reviewer and applied to the following databases and the search terms as identified in Table 1.2. A range of literature in English, from academic journals and which were published in full text between 2009 and 2019, was identified and retrieved for review. Key search terms were ‘with woman’, midwifery, midwife, midwives, and mid* and related terms such as ‘with woman’, ‘being with woman’, ‘continuity of carer’, ‘known mid*’ and therapeutic relationship synonyms and abbreviations applied within the context of childbirth, such as ‘women centred care’ and combined with the Boolean operators of ‘AND’ and ‘OR’.

The following databases were accessed in the searches for literature published up to 2019 resulting in CINAHL, Medline, British Nursing Index, PsychINFO, Internurse and Nursing & Allied Health as working databases. The resulting literature was read for abstract content and then selected papers were scrutinised in full text to be included in the final number of papers identified. The results included an interpretation of the ‘with woman’ term which can sometimes be interchanged or used as a surrogate term. As identified in search terms, ‘with woman’ was associated with terms such as ‘continuity of care and carer’, ‘therapeutic relationship’, ‘woman centred care’, ‘doula or spiritual companion’ and ‘midwife led care’ or ‘known midwife’.

Table 1.2 Databases searched and number of articles selected for final review.

Database	Number of hits after application of search terms	Number of articles selected for review	Articles accepted after review
CINAHL	96	15	5
Medline	71	16	6
BNI	137	15	2
PsychINFO	48	8	5
Internurse	22	3	1
Nursing & Allied Health	10	2	2
	Screened for relevance and filters applied	Duplications removed	Total = 21