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Data Extraction and Analysis

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Two reviewers carried out the literature search and almost identical publications were listed in the final search. Titles containing the ‘with woman’, one‐to‐one care/carer, continuity of care/carer, doula and birth companion were combined with search terms of midwives, midwifery practice/care. Abstracts were also screened for these words or terms. The resulting studies were then scanned for attributes of behaviour, process or environment pertaining to the concept of being ‘with woman’. A second screening sought words or terms that expressed or described the consequence or result of the ‘with woman’ concept. Search results which contained none of the above criteria were excluded.

Both reviewers assessed the final papers selected and entered details of year of publication, reason for selection – i.e. ‘with woman’ term or associated terms in the title, abstract, or text content – on a simple data extraction sheet. The resulting literature was further analysed using the antecedents of emotional, psychological, spiritual and physical health, midwifery skills and knowledge and organisational working patterns, resulting in attributes pertaining to the behaviour, process and environment of the ‘with woman’ concepts and the resulting subsequent consequences as per Table 1.3 below.

Better Births

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