Читать книгу Construction Management JumpStart - Barbara J. Jackson - Страница 117

The architectural program provides the basis of the design, and the design directs the construction. In other words, the building details described in the design define the limits or scope of work to be performed by the contractor.

The scope of work sets the parameters for the construction project and identifies the work to be done. Generally, the scope of work is presented in the plans or “blueprints” (so called because of the blueprint machines once used to reproduce them as white lines on blue paper) and in the written specifications, all of which are developed by the designer. The scope describes the building layout, site work, square footage, number of rooms, number of floors, types of materials (windows, siding, floor covering, roof, and so on), dimensions, special equipment, storage requirements, and so on. The scope of work detailed in the plans and specs also defines the level of quality for the project. For example, the architect may detail and specify brick exterior walls in lieu of siding and, by doing so, add a measure of life expectancy, durability, and aesthetic appeal not available with siding.

Part of the construction management challenge is to make sure that the scope of the project is being delivered as intended throughout the construction process. First, contractors need to make sure that they've included the entire scope of work in their estimates. Then it takes oversight to ensure that the correct materials specified and estimated are actually purchased and delivered to the job site for installation. And during construction, the details of the design must be checked and rechecked against the plans and specifications to verify that they are in compliance with the requirements stipulated by the contract.

The key to delivering a successful project is to start with a really well-defined project scope. A poorly written scope will usually result in a poor response from the contractor. Obviously, a contractor can't plan for something that is not defined as a requirement of the project to begin with. A well-written scope, more than any other factor, will help reduce risks for all parties involved. It is critically important that the owner takes the time, does the planning, and solicits the professional help needed to do a good job before the project begins. It will pay off for everyone in the long run.