Читать книгу Essential Mandarin Chinese Phrasebook & Dictionary - Catherine Dai - Страница 8
Оглавление2. Meet and Greet
2.1 Greetings
2.2 Asking a question
2.3 How to reply
2.4 Thank you
2.5 I’m sorry
2.6 What do you think?
It is normal in China to shake hands on meeting and parting company. The strength of the handshake is determined by the level of acquaintance and the importance of the occasion. Generally one should refrain from giving a strong handshake unless you know the person well already. Hugging is reserved for relatives and kissing on the cheeks is rarely seen among Chinese except on occasions involving foreigners.
2.1 Greetings
Hello Mr Williams.
Nǐ hǎo, Wēiliánmǔsī xiānsheng.
你好，威廉姆斯先生。
Good morning, Mr Williams.
Zǎo, Wēiliánmǔsī xiānsheng.
早，威廉姆斯先生。
Hello Mrs Jones.
Nǐ hǎo, Qióngsī tàitai.
你好，琼斯太太。
Good morning, Mrs Jones.
Zǎo, Qióngsī fūren.
早，琼斯夫人。
Hello, Peter.
Nǐ hǎo, Bǐdé.
你好，彼德。
Hi, Helen.
Nǐ hǎo, Kǎilún.
你好，凯伦。
Good morning, madam.
Zǎoshang hǎo, tàitai/fūren.
早上好，太太／夫人。
Good afternoon, sir.
Xiàwǔ hǎo, xiānsheng.
下午好，先生。
Good evening.
Wǎnshang hǎo.
晚上好。
How are you?
Nǐ hǎo ma?
你好吗？
How’s everything?
Zěnmeyàng?
怎么样？
Fine, thank you, and you?
Hái hǎo, xièxie, nǐ ne?
还好，谢谢，你呢？
Very well, and you?
Hěn hǎo, nǐ ne?
很好，你呢？
In excellent health
Jīngshén hǎo
精神好
In great shape
Shēntǐ hǎo
身体好
So-so
Mǎmǎhūhū
马马虎虎
Not very well
Bù zěnme hǎo
不怎么好
Not bad
Búcuò
不错
I’m going to leave.
Wǒ yào zǒu le.
我要走了。
I have to be going, someone’s waiting for me.
Wǒ děi zǒu le, yǒu rén zài děng wǒ.
我得走了，有人在等我。
Good-bye.
Zàijiàn.
再见。
See you later.
Yìhuǐr jiàn.
一会儿见。
See you in a little while.
Dāi huǐr jiàn.
待会儿见。
Sweet dreams.
Zuò ge hǎo mèng.
做个好梦。
Good night.
Wǎn’ān.
晚安。
All the best/Good luck.
Zhù nǐ hǎo yùn.
祝你好运。
Have fun.
Wánr kāixīn diǎnr.
玩开心点儿。
Have a nice vacation.
Jiàqī yúkuài.
假期愉快。
Have a good weekend.
Zhōumò yúkuài.
周末愉快。
Bon voyage.
Yī lù píng’ān.
一路平安。
Have a good trip.
Lǚtú yúkuài.
旅途愉快。
Thank you, the same to you.
Xièxie, nǐ yě yíyàng.
谢谢，你也一样。
Say hello to...
Dài...wèn hǎo
代⋯问好
Give my regards to... [formal]
Qǐng nǐ dài wǒ xiàng...wèn hǎo
请你代我向⋯问好
Say hello to… [informal]
Xiàng...wèn hǎo
向⋯问好
2.2 Asking a question
Who?
Shéi?
谁？
Who’s that?
Shì shéi?
是谁?
Who are you?
Nín shì shéi?
您是谁?
What?
Shénme?
什么?
What is there to see?
Yǒu shénme hǎo kàn de?
有什么好看的?
Where?
Nǎr/Nǎli?
哪儿?／哪里？
Where’s the bathroom?
Cèsuǒ zài nǎr/nǎli?
厕所在哪儿／哪里?
Where are you going?
Nǐ shàng nǎr/nǎli qù?
你上哪儿／哪里去？
Where are you from?
Nǐ cóng nǎr/nǎli lái?
你从哪儿／哪里来？
What?
Shénme?
什么？
How?
Zěnme?
怎么？
What’s your surname? [formal]
Nǐ guì xìng？
您贵姓?
What’s your name?
[formal] Zěnme chēnghū nín?
怎么称呼您？
[informal] Nǐ jiào shénme míngzi?
你叫什么名字?
How far is that?
Yào duō yuǎn?
要多远？
How long does that take?
Yào duō jiǔ?
要多久?
How long is the trip?
Lùchéng yào duō jiǔ?
路程要多久?
How much?
Duōshao qián?
多少钱？
How much is this?
Zhè ge duōshao qián?
这个多少钱？
What time is it?
Jǐ diǎn le?
几点了?
Which one?
Nǎ ge
哪个？
Which ones?
Nǎ xiē?
哪些？
Which glass is mine?
Nǎ ge bēizi shì wǒde?
哪个杯子是我的?
When?
Shénme shíhou?
什么时候?
When are you leaving? [formal]
Nǐ shénme shíhou chūfā?
你什么时候出发?
Why?
Wèishénme?
为什么?
Could you...? [formal]
Kě bu kěyǐ...?
可不可以⋯?
Please... [formal]
Qǐng...
请⋯
Are you able to...? [informal]
Néng...ma?
能⋯吗?
Could you...? [informal]
Kěyǐ...ma?
可以⋯吗?
Could you help me, please?
Nǐ kěyǐ bāngzhu wǒ ma?
你可以帮助我吗？
Could you show that to me, please?
Qǐng zhǐ gěi wǒ kàn.
请指给我看。
Could you come with me, please?
Qǐng gén wǒ lái.
请跟我来。
Could you book some tickets for me please?
Qǐng gěi wǒ yùdìng jǐ zhāng piào.
请给我预订几张票。
Could you recommend another hotel?
Qǐng gěi wǒ tuījiàn lìngwài yī jiā lǚguǎn, hǎo ma?
请给我推荐另外一家旅馆，好吗？
What category of hotel is it? (How many stars)
Zhè jiā lǚguǎn shì jǐ xīng jí de?
这家旅馆是几星级的?
Do you know...? [formal]
Nǐ zhī bu zhīdao...?
你知不知道⋯？
Do you have...?
Yǒu méiyǒu...?
有没有⋯？
Do you have any vegetarian dishes, please?
Qǐngwèn, yǒu méiyǒu sùshí de cài?
请问，有没有素食的菜?
I would like a...
Wǒ yào yí ge...
我要一个⋯
I’d like a kilo of apples, please.
Qǐng gěi wǒ yī gōngjīn píngguǒ.
请给我一公斤苹果。
Can I?
Wǒ kěyǐ...?
我可以⋯？
May I take this away?
Wǒ kěyǐ názǒu zhège ma?
我可以拿走这个吗？
Can I smoke here?
Wǒ kěyǐ zài zhèlǐ chōuyān ma?
我可以在这里抽烟吗？
Could I ask you something?
Kěyǐ wèn nín jiàn shìr ma?
可以问您件事儿吗?
2.3 How to Reply
My surname is ...
Wǒ xìng...
我姓⋯
My name is ...
Wǒ jiào...
我叫⋯
Yes, of course.
Shì, dāngrán.
是，当然。
No, I’m sorry.
Bú, duìbuqǐ.
不，对不起。
Yes, what can I do for you?
Duì, zháo wǒ yǒu shìr ma?
对，找我有事儿吗？
Just a moment, please.
Qǐng děng yìhuǐr.
请等一会儿。
No, I don’t have time now.
Duìbuqǐ, wǒ xiànzài méiyǒu kòngr.
对不起，我现在没有空儿。
No, that’s impossible.
Duìbuqǐ, bànbudào.
对不起，办不到。
No problem.
Méi wèntí.
没问题。
I agree.
Wǒ tóngyì.
我同意。
I hope so too.
Wǒ yě dànyuàn shì zhèyàng.
我也但愿是这样。
No, not at all.
Bù, búshì zhèyàng.
不，不是这样。
No, nothing.
Bù, méiyǒu.
不，没有。
That’s right!
Duì!
对！
Something’s wrong.
Chūshì le.
出事了。
There’s a problem.
Chū wèntí le.
出问题了。
I agree.
Wǒ tóngyì.
我同意。
I don’t agree.
Wǒ bù tóngyì.
我不同意。
OK/It’s fine.
Hǎo, méiyǒu wèntí.
好，没有问题。
OK, all right.
Hǎo, jiù zhèyàng.
好，就这样。
Perhaps/maybe
Yěxǔ
也许
Maybe
Kěněng
可能
I don’t know.
Wǒ bù zhīdao.
我不知道。
2.4 Thank you
Thank you.
Xièxie.
谢谢。
Don’t mention it.
Bú kèqi.
不客气。
Thank you very much.
Fēicháng gǎnxiè.
非常感谢。
Very kind of you.
Nín tài kèqi le.
您太客气了。
My pleasure.
Wǒde róngxìng.
我的荣幸。
I enjoyed it very much.
Wǒ fēicháng xǐhuan.
我非常喜欢。
Thank you for...
Xièxie nǐ gěi wǒ...
谢谢你给我⋯
That was so kind of you.
Nǐ tài kèqi le.
你太客气了。
Don’t mention it.
Búyòng xiè.
不用谢。
2.5 I’m sorry
Excuse me (asking a question)
Qǐng wèn
请问
Sorry
Duìbuqǐ
对不起
Excuse me [polite]
Qǐng wèn yíxià
请问一下
Sorry to bother you.
Máfan nǐ le.
麻烦你了。
Sorry to bother you. [polite]
Bùhǎoyìsī, dǎráo nǐ le.
不好意思，打扰你了。
Sorry, I didn’t know that...
Duìbuqǐ, wǒ bù zhīdao ...
对不起，我不知道⋯
I do apologize.
[formal] Wǒ zhēnchéng dàoqiàn.
我真诚道歉。
[informal] Tài duìbuqǐ le.
太对不起了。
I didn’t mean it.
Wǒ búshì gùyì de.
我不是故意的。
It was an accident.
Zhè shì ge yìwài.
这是个意外。
That’s all right. [formal]
Bú yàojǐn.
不要紧。
Don’t worry about it. [formal]
Méi guānxi.
没关系。
Never mind. [informal]
Bú ài’shì.
不碍事。
It’s okay. [informal]
Méi shì.
没事。
It could happen to anyone.
Shéi yě miǎnbuliǎo.
谁也免不了。
2.6 What do you think?
Which do you prefer? [formal]
Nǐ xǐhuan nǎ ge?
你喜欢哪个?
Which do you like best? [formal]
Nǐ zuì xǐhuan nǎ ge?
你最喜欢哪个?
What do you think? [informal]
Nǐ juéde zěnmeyàng?
你觉得怎么样?
Don’t you like dancing?
Nǐ bù xǐhuan tiàowǔ ma?
你不喜欢跳舞吗？
I don’t mind.
Wǒ wúsuǒwèi.
我无所谓。
Well done!
Tài bàng le!
太棒了！
Not bad!
Búcuò!
不错！
Great!/Marvelous!
Hǎojíle!
好极了！
Wonderful!
Tài hǎo le!
太好了！
I am pleased for you.
[formal] Wǒ wèi nǐ gāoxìng.
我为你高兴。
[informal] Wǒ tì nǐ gāoxìng.
我替你高兴。
I’m very happy to...
....wǒ hěn gāoxìng
⋯我很高兴
It’s really nice here!
Zhèlǐ jiǎnzhí tài hǎo le!
这里简直太好了！
How nice!
Zhēn hǎo!
真好！
I’m very happy with...
Wǒ duì...hěn mǎnyǐ
我对⋯很满意
I’m not very happy with...
Wǒ duì...bù mǎnyì
我对⋯不满意
I’m glad that....
Wǒ wèi...gāoxìng
我为⋯高兴
I’m having a great time.
Wǒ wánrde hěn gāoxìng.
我玩儿得很高兴。
I can’t wait till tomorrow.
Wǒ kě děngbudào míngtiān la.
我可等不到明天啦。
I’m looking forward to tomorrow.
Wǒ qīdàizhe míngtiān de láilín.
我期待着明天的来临。
I hope it works out.
Wǒ xīwàng yíqiè jìnxíng shùnlì.
我希望一切进行顺利。
How awful!
Tài zāogāo le!
太糟糕了！
It’s horrible!
Tài kǒngbù le!
太恐怖了！
That’s terrible!
Tài kěpà le!
太可怕了！
What a pity/shame!
Zhēn kěxī!
真可惜！
How disgusting!
Zhēn ěxīn!
真恶心！
What nonsense!
Shuō shénme fèihuà!
说什么废话！
How silly!
Zhēn shì húnào!
真是胡闹！
That’s ridiculous!
Tài kěxiào le!
太可笑了！
I don’t like it.
Wǒ bù xǐhuan.
我不喜欢。
I’m bored to death!
Mènsǐ le!
闷死了！
I’m fed up!
Fánsǐ rén le!
烦死人了！
This is no good.
Zhè kě bù hǎo.
这可不好。
This is not what I expected.
Wǒ kě méi xiǎngdào huì zhèyàng.
我可没想到会这样。
