Читать книгу Neurology - Charles H. Clarke - Страница 2
Table of Contents
Оглавление1 Cover
4 Preface
5 Foreword
6 1 Neurology Worldwide Basic Data Practical Neurology Burden of Illness Improvements Acknowledgements References Further Reading and Information
7 2 Movement, Sensation and The Silent Brain ABC of Movement: Cortical, Extrapyramidal and Cerebellar Function Cerebellar System Sensory Pathways The Silent Brain Acknowledgements Further Reading and Information
8 3 Aetiologies and Mechanisms Genetics Immune Mechanisms: Concepts and Components Ion Channels and Inherited Mutations Acknowledgements Further Reading
9 4 Examination, Diagnosis and the Language of Neurology Elements of Diagnosis Neurological Examination: Preliminary Assessment Diagnostic Tests The Vocabulary of Neurology Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy Abnormal Illness Behaviour and Somatic Symptom Disorder Acknowledgements References Further Reading
10 5 Cognition, Cortical Function and Dementias Cognitive Functions and Clinical Practice Attention and Neglect Memory – Its Subdivisions Anatomy Amnesias Paramnesias Perception and Its Disorders Hallucinations – False Perceptions Voluntary Action Failure: Apraxias Speech and Language Reading, Writing and Numeracy Knowledge and the Cognitive Executive Dementias Acknowledgements Further Reading Websites Broca’s aphasia Wernicke’s aphasia
11 6 Stroke and Cerebrovascular Disease Pathophysiology: Ischaemic Stroke Risk factors: Age, Hypertension, Tobacco, Lipids, Alcohol Stroke and TIA Typical Stroke Patterns Intracerebral Haemorrhage (ICH) Stroke & TIA management Stroke and TIA Investigations Cerebral Venous and Venous Sinus Thrombosis Arteriovenous Malformations Cavernous Malformations Non‐atherosclerotic Vascular Disease and Other Causes of Stroke Vasculitis and Other Rarities Acknowledgements Further Reading Personal References Websites
12 7 Movement Disorders Parkinsonian Syndromes and Parkinsonism Parkinson’s Disease Parkinson’s, Dementia and Lewy Body Pathology Multiple System Atrophy (MSA) Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP) Corticobasal Degeneration Tremor Dystonia Chorea Tics Myoclonus and Startle Syndromes Functional Movement Disorders Movement Disorders and Dopamine Receptor Blockade Restless Legs Syndrome and Painful Legs and Moving Toes Stiff Person and Stiff Limb Syndromes Fatal Encephalomyelitis with Rigidity Acknowledgements Further Reading Websites
13 8 Epilepsy and Related Disorders International League Against Epilepsy Classification Classification and Causes of Epilepsy Differential Diagnosis Investigation Management: Newly Diagnosed Cases Management: Established Epilepsy Emergencies: Prolonged Convulsions, Serial Seizures, Status Epilepticus Epilepsy Surgery Driving Regulations: UK Acknowledgements Further Reading Websites
14 9 Infections Acute Bacterial Meningitis Brain Abscess Subdural Empyema Intracranial Epidural Abscess Spinal Epidural, Subdural and Intramedullary Abscess Infective Endocarditis: Neurology Tuberculosis Tuberculoma, TB Brain Abscess and Spinal TB Leprosy (Hansen’s Disease) Syphilis and Neurosyphilis (Treponema pallidum pallidum) Lyme Disease and Neuroborreliosis Leptospirosis (Weil’s Disease) Brucellosis (Malta Fever, Undulant Fever) Psitticosis and Cat Scratch Disease Anthrax Diphtheria Botulism Tetanus Whipple’s Disease Tick‐Borne Diseases Other Infections Viral Infections Viral Encephalitis Fungal Infections Parasitic Worms Schistosomiasis (Bilharzia) and Other Parasitic Worms African Trypanosomiasis (Sleeping Sickness) HIV Acknowledgements Further Reading
15 10 Nerve, Anterior Horn Cell and Muscle Disease Peripheral Nerve Anatomy Inherited Neuropathies Inflammatory and Acquired Neuropathies Focal and Compressive Neuropathies Plexopathies Anterior Horn Cell Diseases Neuromuscular Junction Disorders Muscle Diseases Muscular Dystrophies Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain Diseases Inflammatory Myopathies, Rarities, Drugs and Rhabdomyolysis Acknowledgements Further Reading and Websites
16 11 Multiple Sclerosis, Neuromyelitis Optica (Devic’s) and Other Demyelinating Diseases Multiple Sclerosis Neuromyelitis Optica, Devic's Disease Acute Parainfectious Inflammatory Encephalopathies Acknowledgements Further Reading, References and Websites
17 12 Headache Classification and Anatomical Concepts Primary Headaches Management Secondary Headaches Acknowledgements Further Reading, References and Websites
18 13 Cranial Nerve Disorders I. Olfactory Nerve V. Trigeminal Nerve VII. Facial Nerve Lower Four Cranial Nerves: IX, X, XI and XII X. Vagus Nerve XI. Accessory Nerve XI Nerve Damage XII. Hypoglossal Nerve Bulbar and Pseudobulbar Palsy Multiple Cranial Neuropathies Acknowledgements Further Reading and Information
19 14 Neuro‐Ophthalmology Visual Pathways Examination Visual Loss: Uni‐ and Bilateral Visual Failure Swollen Disc(s) – Papilloedema Uveo‐Meningitic Syndromes Phakomatoses Diplopia and Eye Movement Abnormalities Ocular Myopathies Palsies of III, IV and VI Nerves Gaze and Central Eye Movements Chiasmal and Retrochiasmal Visual Pathways Pupil Abnormalities Acknowledgements Further Reading and Information
20 15 Neuro‐Otology Essential Anatomy Dizziness and Vertigo Assessment Nystagmus Varieties Vestibular Investigations Vestibular Disorders Management: Drugs and Physical Manoeuvres Hearing Disorders Acknowledgements Further Reading and Information
21 16 Spinal Cord and Spinal Column Disorders Emergencies Cervical Spine Degeneration and Pathology Lumbar and Sacrococcygeal Spine Paraparesis/Paraplegia, Myelitis, Transverse Myelitis and Myelopathy Cord Vascular Disease Spinal Infection Spine and Spinal Cord Major Trauma Craniocervical Junction – Basilar Invagination and Atlantoaxial Disease Rheumatological and Bone Disorders Spinal Dysraphism, Scoliosis and Kyphosis Acknowledgements Further Reading and Information
22 17 Ataxias, Cerebellar Disorders and Related Conditions Acquired Ataxia Syndromes Inherited Ataxia Syndromes Acknowledgement Further Reading and Information
23 18 Restorative Neurology, Rehabilitation and Brain Injury Key Aspects Restorative and Compensatory Approaches, Skill Learning and Task‐Related Training Specific Problems Single Incident Brain Injury Service Delivery Acknowledgements Further Reading, References and Websites
24 19 Toxins, Physical Insults, Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders, Unregulated Drugs Heavy Metals, Chemicals and Natural Toxins Radiation Lightning and Electrical Shocks Heat, Cold, Diving and High Altitude Space Travel Vitamin Deficiencies and Copper Deficiency Unregulated/Illegal Drugs and Drug Abuse Acknowledgements, Further Reading and Personal References
25 20 Consciousness, Coma, Intensive Care and Sleep Definitions of Consciousness and Coma States of Impaired Consciousness Stupor and Coma: A Practical Approach Detailed Assessment Neurological Intensive Care Severe Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI): General Principles Sleep and Its Disorders Sleep Disorders Acknowledgements, Further Reading and Personal References
26 21 Neuro‐Oncology Clinical Features Imaging Tumours: The Multidisciplinary Approach Complications of Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy Neurological Complications of Cancer (NCCs) Acknowledgements, Further Reading and Websites
27 22 Neuropsychiatry Mental State Mental Health and Capacity Acts Definitions and Diagnoses in Psychiatry Functional Neurological Disorders Neurology and Psychiatry Acknowledgement and Further Reading Further Reading
28 23 Pain Definitions Pain in CNS Diseases Peripheral Pain Pain Management Diminished Sensitivity to Pain Acknowledgement and Further Reading
29 24 Autonomic Aspects of Neurology Anatomy and Neurotransmission Localised Autonomic Disorders Primary and Secondary Autonomic Disorders Regional Autonomic Dysfunction Parkinson’s Disease, Multiple System Atrophy (MSA) and Pure Autonomic Failure (PAF) Rare Autonomic Disorders Acknowledgements and Further Reading
30 25 Uro‐Neurology and Sexual Dysfunction Lower Urinary Tract: Neurological Control Bladder Dysfunction and Neurological Disease Urinary Retention Management Sexual Function Acknowledgememts, References and Further Reading
31 26 Systemic Conditions and Neurology Cardiac and Aortic Disease Endocrine Disease Electrolyte Disturbances Blood Disorders Neurology and Transplantation Systemic Vasculitides and Related Disorders Other Cerebral Arteriopathies Sarcoidosis Behçet’s Syndrome IgG4‐Related Disease and CLIPPERS Neurocutaneous Syndromes Neurological Aspects of Pregnancy Acknowledgements, References and Further Reading
32 Index
