Читать книгу Collins Junior Illustrated Thesaurus - Collins Dictionaries - Страница 8
Оглавлениеdamage VERB
To damage something means to harm or spoil it.
break
My little sister has broken her doll already.
chip
Melanie was furious when she chipped her nail varnish.
dent
A gatepost got in the way and dented Dad’s bumper.
destroy
An unexpected storm destroyed their beach hut.
ruin
“You’ve ruined my painting!” David screamed angrily.
scratch
Natalie’s bike was scratched when it fell in the holly bush.
spoil
The baby knocked over a cup and spoiled my homework.
vandalize
Someone has vandalized the phone box on the corner of our street.
wreck
Rocks often wreck boats that come too close to shore.
dance VERB
When you dance, you move your body in time to music.
SOME KINDS OF DANCING:
ballet dancing
ballroom dancing:
foxtrot
quickstep
tango
waltz
break dancing
disco dancing
folk dancing
Highland dancing
Irish dancing
line dancing
salsa
square dancing
tap dancing
dangerous ADJECTIVE
If something is dangerous, it is likely to harm you.
alarming
Rainforests are disappearing at an alarming rate.
deadly
The bite of some snakes can be deadly.
harmful
Medicines can be harmful if taken by the wrong person.
menacing
The captain waved his hook at Peter in a menacing fashion.
risky
They decided the adventure was getting too risky.
treacherous
Road conditions were treacherous in the thick fog.
unsafe
The bridge was rotten and unsafe to cross.
ANTONYM: safe
dark ADJECTIVE
When it is dark, there is not enough light to see properly.
black
The night was black and stormy.
dim
They could hardly see in the dim hallway.
gloomy
Rooms in the old castle were damp and gloomy.
murky
The submarine moved slowly in the murky depths of the ocean.
shadowy
A shadowy figure emerged from the misty woods.
unlit
It looked as if no one was home as all the rooms were unlit.
delicious ADJECTIVE
Food that is delicious tastes or smells very nice.
mouthwatering
At the village fair, the smell of frying onions was mouthwatering.
scrumptious INFORMAL
When we got home from school, Mum made us a scrumptious apple pie.
tasty
Andrew enjoyed a tasty snack on his way home from football training.
ANTONYM: horrible
demonstrate (1) VERB
If someone demonstrates something, they show you how to do it.
explain
Jamie explained how to separate the yolks and whites of eggs.
illustrate
Our music teacher illustrated how to play the violin.
demonstrate (2) VERB
If people demonstrate, they hold a public meeting or march to show they are strongly for or against something.
march
Sometimes thousands of people march in the capital to make their feelings known to the government.
protest
When people protest, they often meet to carry banners and shout slogans.
deserted ADJECTIVE
If a place is deserted, there are no people there.
abandoned
In the middle of the wood, the boys came upon an abandoned cottage.
empty
They saw a farmhouse and ran towards it to ask for water, but it was empty.
destroy VERB
To destroy something means to damage it so much it cannot be mended.
crush
The cottages were crushed under the feet of the angry giant.
damage
A tree fell in the storm and damaged our garden shed.
demolish
Builders demolished an empty house to make space for a new theatre.
ruin
People complained that the new building ruined their view.
smash
The jetty was smashed when a motorboat went out of control.
wreck
Many ships used to be wrecked on rocks around the coast before lighthouses were built to signal warnings.
different (1) ADJECTIVE
Something that is different from something else is not like it in one or more ways.
assorted
I like boxes of assorted biscuits best.
changed
He seemed changed somehow. Perhaps it was the short hair.
mixed
Alex had mixed feelings about going up a grade at school.
opposite
Mum’s quite opposite to me. She likes my room to be tidy and I like it to be a mess.
various
He had various excuses for being late.
different (2) ADJECTIVE
Something different is unusual and out of the ordinary.
bizarre
Have you seen Polly’s new hairstyle? It’s really bizarre!
extraordinary
The magician at the party performed some extraordinary tricks.
peculiar
There was something peculiar about the expression on his face.
special
I wanted to do something special for my seventh birthday.
unusual
The baby had an unusual cry.
➔ something else
dig VERB
When people or animals dig, they break up a surface.
burrow
Rabbits keep burrowing holes in the vegetable patch.
excavate
Archeologists are excavating at an ancient burial site.
hollow
Hollow out the centre of the pumpkin and cut teeth and eyeholes in the skin.
quarry
Marble has been quarried in Italy for many centuries.
scoop
Libby scooped out some ice cream from the tub.
tunnel
Some prisoners of war tunnelled their way out of the camp.
dirty ADJECTIVE
Something that is dirty is marked or covered with mud or stains.
filthy
“Your hands are filthy,” said Dad. “Go and wash them.”
foul
The pigsty was foul with droppings, old straw and mud.
greasy
“I hate washing up greasy dishes,” complained Simon.
grimy
Driving in the open-top car was great fun, but it made their faces pretty grimy.
grubby
He scrubbed at his knees with a grubby old tissue.
messy
Cleaning out the hamster is a messy job.
muddy
He came in from football with muddy shorts and boots.
polluted
The city air is polluted with vehicle fumes.
stained
Their clothes and mouths were stained with blackberry juice.
untidy
Litter blew around the park and made it look untidy.
discover VERB
When you discover something, you find it or find out about it.
find
My brother has found a good way to train the new puppy.
uncover
Mehmet lifted some papers and uncovered a book he’d thought was lost.
unearth
Kylie was digging a hole in the garden and unearthed an old pot.
ANTONYM: hide
disguise VERB
If you disguise something, you change it so that people do not recognize it.
camouflage
The army camouflages tanks to hide them from aircraft.
conceal
She tried to conceal the spot on her chin.
cover
He covered his hair with a black wig.
dress up
Murray dressed up as his father for the party.
mask
Dark sunglasses masked the expression in his eyes.
disturb (1) VERB
If you disturb someone, you interrupt them or spoil their peace and quiet.
bother
Don’t bother me now, I’m busy.
hassle INFORMAL
“Quit hassling me, will you?” yelled my older sister.
interrupt
We’re not allowed to interrupt Dad when he’s working.
pester
Thomas pestered his brother in the library.
trouble
I don’t want to trouble her now. She’s watching her favourite programme.
disturb (2) VERB
If something disturbs you, it upsets or worries you.
alarm
I don’t want to alarm you, but I think we should leave.
distress
The violence in the film distressed him.
frighten
The mouse was frightened when the cat sat by the cage.
upset
The noise upset the baby.
worry
Don’t tell Grandma about the problem. It’ll only worry her.
do (1) VERB
If you do something, you get on and finish it.
arrange
Dad is going to arrange everything.
carry out
The mechanic said he would carry out the repairs while we waited.
complete
“We should complete the work before the end of the week,” said the builder.
cope with
Rachel’s not sure she can cope with the decorations on her own.
finish
“You’ll have to finish your homework before you go swimming,” said Mum.
learn
What are you learning at the moment?
perform
Watch the clown perform his amazing juggling act.
do (2) VERB
If you say that something will do, you mean it is good enough.
be enough
I wonder if half a page about my holidays will be enough?
be sufficient
I really hope this food will be sufficient for six people.
be suitable
Mum wanted to know if jeans would be suitable for the parents’ evening.
work
They thought string might work as they didn’t have any tape.
drag VERB
If you drag a heavy object, you pull it along the ground.
draw
The horse plodded on, drawing the heavy cart behind it.
haul
Fishermen hauled in their nets and found they had a large catch.
pull
Indigo pulled her friend from the river and rang for an ambulance.
tow
The farmer used a tractor to tow anything heavy around the farm.
tug
The boys tugged the sack of grain across the barn floor.
draw (1) VERB
When you draw, you use something like a pencil or crayon to make a picture or a pattern.
doodle
Holly doodled in her notebook as she listened to the teacher.
paint
I wanted to paint some pictures while I was on holiday.
sketch
The artist sat by the lake sketching the view.
trace
For homework we had to trace the outline of a map and fill in the rivers.
draw (2) NOUN
A draw is the result in a game or competition in which nobody wins.
dead heat
The result of the 100 metres sprint was a dead heat.
tie
Floella had hoped to win the competition, but there was a tie for first place.
draw (3) VERB
If something draws you, it is so interesting that you move towards it.
attract
A skydiving display attracted large crowds to the event.
bring in
We are hoping the advertising will bring in plenty of people.
entice
We were enticed into the shop by the display of cakes in the window.
lure
The witch lured the children into her house with promises of sweets.
pull in
The new programme has pulled in a lot of young viewers.
dreadful ADJECTIVE
Something that is dreadful is very bad or unpleasant.
alarming
Our test results were pretty alarming.
awful
I was off school with an awful cold.
dire
The teacher issued dire warnings about the standard of our homework.
frightening
The force of the thunder storm was frightening.
frightful
After the Halloween party the house was in a frightful mess.
ghastly
A ghastly wail echoed round the castle.
horrible
The jumper I got for my birthday was a horrible yellow colour.
dream NOUN
A dream is something you want very much.
ambition
It’s Michael’s ambition to be a pilot.
daydream
My favourite daydream is being interviewed on TV about my book.
fantasy
Chelsea has this fantasy about being a famous model.
➔ vision
drink VERB
When you drink, you take liquid into your mouth and swallow it.
gulp
Boris was so thirsty he gulped down all his lemonade.
guzzle
“Don’t guzzle like that. Drink it slowly,” said Granny.
lap
Tigger lapped up the milk Simon put down for him.
sip
Julia sipped the hot tea carefully.
slurp
Augustus greedily slurped the chocolate milk shake.
swallow
She swallowed the medicine without tasting it.
swig
They swigged cola from the bottle.
DIFFERENT THINGS TO DRINK:
cold drinks
cola
fizz
fruit juice
lemonade
milk
milk shake
smoothie
squash
soya milk
water
hot drinks
cocoa
coffee
hot chocolate
hot milk
malted milk
tea
drive VERB
To drive means to make something or somebody go.
control
Sharon controlled her car skilfully on the sandy beach.
force
The cruel baron forced the villagers from their cottages.
push
People at the front of the crowd were pushed forward.
send
Tom sent the ball over the fence.
steer
Rashid steered the go-kart into the side of the track.
urge
The knight urged his horse to a full gallop.
dry ADJECTIVE
Something that is dry has no water in it at all.
arid
Large areas of Mexico are arid desert.
barren
No crops could grow on the barren land.
parched
The garden was parched and all the seedlings died.
dull (1) ADJECTIVE
Something that is dull is not interesting.
boring
It was the most boring action film they’d ever seen.
dreary
I spent a dreary morning being dragged round the shops.
tedious
John found his cousin’s story tedious.
dull (2) ADJECTIVE
Something that is dull is not bright or clear.
cloudy
The day was so cloudy we thought it might rain at any moment.
dismal
A most surprising thing happened on that dismal wintry afternoon.
drab
She wore a drab grey dress and grimy brown shoes.
gloomy
It was difficult to see the ogre in the gloomy light of the cave.
grey
The clouds in the sky were a dark grey colour when the thunder storm started.
miserable
I like playing board games on miserable, rainy days.
ANTONYM: bright
