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Response styles.

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In Chapter 3 we discussed how response biases can influence participant answers to surveys and questionnaires. Although response biases can be a challenge within a culture, they can also pose a problem when surveying individuals from different cultures (Berry et al., 2002; Grimm & Church, 1999). For instance, the extremity bias described earlier is more common among some groups, such as African Americans, than others, such as East Asians (Chen, Lee, & Stevenson, 1995; Hui & Triandis, 1989). Culture-based response biases can be challenging to overcome, and perhaps the best way to prevent them from confounding psychological studies is to gather data from individuals using several different methods in hopes of finding convergent or consistent results (Cohen, 2007). In this way, possible biases in any one method can be revealed and corrected via other methods.

Social Psychology

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