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Urbanization

Today 51 per cent of the world’s people live in cities. In 1800 just 3 per cent

were urban dwellers. Projections suggest between 60 and 70 per cent of the

world’s population will live in cities by 2030. New urbanization is largely

concentrated in the developing countries. Most major cities in Europe are static

or declining in size, partly because improved transport and communications are

reducing the economic benefits of concentrating

large numbers of people in a few places.

In developing countries, however,

big cities remain magnets for

people seeking livelihoods

when they can no

longer sustain

themselves in

the countryside.

CANADA

New York

City

USA

254m

Los Angeles,

Long Beach

& Santa Ana

MEXICO

88m

Mexico

City

GUATEMALA

CUBA

HAITI

DOM.

REPUBLIC

PUERTO

RICO

EL

SALVADOR

HONDURAS

JAMAICA

NICARAGUA

COSTA RICA

PANAMA

COLOMBIA

VENEZUELA

ECUADOR

BRAZIL

169m

Rio de

Janeiro

São Paulo

PERU

BOLIVIA

CHILE

PARAGUAY

URUGUAY

Buenos

Aires

ARGENTINA

FINLAND

NORWAY

LATVIA

SWEDEN

DEN.

NETHS

UK

London

IRELAND

BEL.

Paris

GERMANY

60m

POLAND

SLOV.

CZ

REP.

ROMANIA

HUN.

AUS.

SWITZ.

FRANCE

CRO.

B-H

SERBIA

BULG.

ALB.

GREECE

MAC.

ITALY

SPAIN

PORTUGAL

LITH.

Cairo

TUNISIA

EGYPT

LIBYA

ALGERIA

MOROCCO

MAURITANIA

SENEGAL

GAMBIA

GUINEA

SIERRA LEONE

BURK.

FASO

MALI

NIGER

CHAD

SUDAN

ERITREA

SOMALIA

ETHIOPIA

NIGERIA

79m

CÔTE

D'IVOIRE

LIBERIA

GHANA

TOGO

BENIN

Lagos

C.A.R.

UGANDA

CAMEROON

CONGO

DEM. REP.

OF CONGO

KENYA

GABON

RWANDA TANZANIA

ANGOLA

ZAMBIA

MOZAMBIQUE

BOTS.

ZIMB. MALAWI

SOUTH

AFRICA

MADAGASCAR

City scale

Number of people living in

different sizes of urban

conglomeration

2010

321,000,000

live in 21

megacities,

with over

10 million

inhabitants

1,035,000,000

live in 421 cities,

with 1m–10m

inhabitants

2,100,000,000

live in towns and cities

with fewer than 1m

inhabitants

Ten largest cities

Population in millions

1950

2010

Arranged from west to east

20m

Mexico City

Mexico

5m

Chicago

USA

12m

19m

New York City

USA

5m

Buenos Aires

Argentina

18m

São Paulo

Brazil

Q 22 Population

32