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This is a way to encourage seeds to germinate by softening seedcoats and allowing water to enter. It involves soaking the seeds, then chilling them for several weeks to simulate their natural period of dormancy. It is used mainly for large, hard-coated seeds of shrubs and trees, including those of Amelanchier, Cotoneaster, Euonymus and some viburnums. Traditionally, the seeds were put between layers of sharp sand and left outdoors during winter, hence the name ‘stratification’.