Читать книгу Networking All-in-One For Dummies - Lowe Doug, Doug Lowe - Страница 149

The network layer is where data is addressed, packaged, and routed among networks. Several important Internet protocols operate at the network layer:

 Internet Protocol (IP): A routable protocol that uses IP addresses to deliver packets to network devices. IP is an intentionally unreliable protocol, so it doesn’t guarantee delivery of information.

 Address Resolution Protocol (ARP): Resolves IP addresses to hardware Media Access Control (MAC) addresses, which uniquely identify hardware devices.

 Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP): Sends and receives diagnostic messages. ICMP is the basis of the ubiquitous ping command.

 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP): Used to multicast messages to multiple IP addresses at once.