Читать книгу Equine Lameness for the Layman - G. Robert Grisel DVM - Страница 9

Abaxial: Away from the center of the body or limb.

Abduction: The movement of a body part away from the midline of the horse.

Acute: Of recent or abrupt onset. “This is an acute lameness; it just developed this morning.”

Adduction: The movement of a body part toward the midline of the horse.

Adhesion: The abnormal adherence of one anatomic structure to another.

Amphiarthrodial Joint: A fibrocartilagenous junction that allows limited motion between articulating bones.

Annular Ligament: A fibrous band that encircles the superficial and deep digital flexor tendons as they pass behind the fetlock joint and proximal sesamoid bones.

Anterior: Toward the front of the horse. More appropriately denoted as cranial. “The head is anterior to the neck.”

Appendicular: Refers to the limbs.

Arthritis: Joint inflammation.

Arthrotherapy: Treatment directed at improving joint health and function.

Artificial Gait: A gait that is either inspired through generations of breeding or learned through training.

Ascending Movement: Upward motion of one or more body parts.

Atrophy: Degeneration (or “wasting away”) of body tissue (e.g. muscle) due to lack of use or underlying pathology.

Axial: Toward the center of the body or limb.

Axial Lameness: Altered movement stemming from one or more structures associated with the axial skeleton. “Temporomandibular synovitis (TMJ), cervical arthrosis and ‘kissing spines’ all have the potential to generate axial lameness in the horse.”

Axial Skeleton: Consists of the horse’s head, vertebral column (within the neck, thorax, and lumbar regions), and sacrum.